Hishām ibn al-Kalbī هشام ابن الكلبي | |
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| Personal life | |
| Born | 737 CE |
| Died | 819 CE |
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| Main interest(s) | History |
| Notable idea(s) | Theory of all Arabs being descended fromIshmael, the son ofAbraham |
| Notable work(s) | Jamharat al-Ansab, Kitab al-Asnam |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Shia |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Influenced | |
Abu al-Mundhir Hisham ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sa'ib ibn Bishr al-Kalbi (أبو المنذر هشام بن محمد بن السائب بن بشر بن عمرو بن الحارث بن عبد الحارث الكلبي; 737–819 CE / 204 AH), more commonly known asHishām ibn al-Kalbī (Arabic:هشام بن الكلبي) and asIbn al-Kalbi (ابن الكلبي), was an early 8th-centuryArabMuslimhistorian.[1] Born inKufa,[2] he spent much of his life inBaghdad. Likehis father, he collected information about the genealogies and history of theancient Arabs. His genealogies are well-cited among Arabs, butSunni scholars considered his hadith to be unreliable since he wasShia. Much of his work was preserved byal-Tabari.[3]
Ibn al-Kalbi's most famous work is theBook of Idols (Kitab al-Asnam), which aims to document the veneration of idols and pagan sanctuaries in different regions and among different tribes inpre-Islamic Arabia.[4] In this work, Hisham posited a genealogical link betweenIshmael and the Islamic prophetMuhammad, and put forth the idea that all Arabs were descended from Ishmael.[1] He relied heavily on the ancient oral traditions of the Arabs, but also quoted writers who had access toBiblical andPalmyrene sources.[1] Hisham is also famous for preservingAbu Mikhnaf's workMaqtal al-Husayn ("The Murder place ofal-Husayn") which detailed the events of theBattle of Karbala in 680 based on eyewitness accounts, and was in turn preserved byal-Tabari.[3] According to theFihrist ofIbn al-Nadim, he wrote 140 works. His account of the genealogies of the Arabs is continually quoted in theKitab al-Aghani.[4] He also wrote theStrain of Horses (Ansab al-Khayl), which tries to document the history of the Arabian horse from 3000 BC to his own time.[5]
In 1966,Werner Caskel compiled a two volume study of Ibn al-Kalbi'sJamharat al-Nasab ("The Abundance of Kinship") entitledDas genealogische Werk des Hisam Ibn Muhammad al Kalbi ("The Genealogical Works of Hisham ibn Muhammad al-Kalbi").[6] It contains a prosopographic register of every individual mentioned in the genealogy in addition to more than three hundred genealogical tables based on the contents of the text.
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Thatcher, Griffithes Wheeler (1911). "Ḥishām ibn al-Kalbī". InChisholm, Hugh (ed.).Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 525–526.| International | |
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