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Ahippogonal (pronounced/hɪˈpɒɡənəl/)[citation needed]chess move is a leapm squares in one of theorthogonal directions, andn squares in the other, for any integer values ofm andn.[1] A specific type of hippogonal move can be written(m,n), usually with the smaller number first. A piece making such moves is referred to as a(m,n) hippogonal mover or(m,n) leaper. For example, theknight moves two squares in one orthogonal direction and one in the other, it is a (1,2) hippogonal mover or (1,2) leaper.
For a(m,n) leaper the occupation of others than the destination square plays no role, thus a (2,2) leaper (Alfil) moves to the second square diagonally and may thereby leap over a piece on the first square of the diagonal. A (m,n) leaper can, by the usual convention, move in all directions symmetric to each other, thus e. g. a (1,1) leaper (Ferz) can move in the four directions (1,1), (1,-1), (-1,1) and (-1,-1).
Other hippogonally moving pieces include thecamel,[2] afairy chess piece, which moves three squares in one direction and one in the other, and thus is a (1,3) hippogonal mover. The Xiangqi horse is a hippogonal stepper and thenightrider is a hippogonal rider.[3]
The pieces are colourbound if the sum ofm andn is even, and change colour with every move otherwise.
The word hippogonal is derived from the ancientGreekἵππος,híppos, 'horse' (knights used to be called horses, and still are in some languages),[3] andγωνία (gōnía), meaning "angle".[4]
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