| Hijaz Mountains | |
|---|---|
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| Highest point | |
| Peak | Jabal Werqaan |
| Elevation | 2,393 m (7,851 ft) |
| Coordinates | 23°0′N41°0′E / 23.000°N 41.000°E /23.000; 41.000 |
| Naming | |
| Native name | جِبَال ٱلْحِجَاز (Arabic) |
| Geography | |
  Hijaz Mountains  Hijaz Mountains  Hijaz Mountains | |
| Country |  Saudi Arabia |
| Region(s) | Hejaz,Arabian Peninsula |
TheHijaz Mountains[1] (Arabic:جِبَال ٱلْحِجَاز,romanized: Jibāl al-Ḥijāz,Hejazi Arabic pronunciation:[dʒɪˈbaːlulħɪˈdʒaːzi]) orHejaz Range is amountain range located in theHejazi region of westernSaudi Arabia. The range runs north and south along the eastern coast of theRed Sea, and can thus be treated as including theMidian Mountains,[2] and being part of theSarawat Mountains,[3][4][5] broadly speaking.
The western coastal escarpment of theArabian Peninsula is composed of two mountain ranges, the Hijaz Mountain to the north and theAsir Mountains farther south, with a gap between them near the middle of the peninsula's coastline. From an elevation of 2,100 metres (6,900 ft), the range declines towards the vicinity of the gap about 600 metres (2,000 ft).
The mountain wall drops abruptly on the western side toward theRed Sea, leaving the narrow coastal plain ofTihamah. The eastern slopes are not as steep, allowing rare rainfall to help createoases around the springs and wells of the fewwadis.[citation needed]
The Hijaz Mountains have been conjectured as the source of the ancientPishon River, that was described as one of the four rivers associated with theGarden of Eden. This is a component in the research ofJuris Zarins that locates the Garden of Eden at the northern tip of thePersian Gulf nearKuwait. The course of the nowdried up river, the modern-dayWadi al-Rummah and its extensionWadi al-Batin, was identified byFarouk El-Baz ofBoston University and named the 'Kuwait River.' This tracks northeast across the Saudi desert for 600 miles (970 km), following Wadi al-Batin to the coast of the Persian Gulf. The 'Pishon' or 'Kuwait River,' and the Hejazi region's ecology, is estimated to have dried up 2,500–3000 years ago.[6]
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TheArabian leopard had been sighted here.[3][4] Inancient times, it was reported thatMusa al-Kadhim, adescendant ofMuhammad, encountered alion in thewilderness north ofMedina.[7]Hamadryas baboons can be seen near settlements, like those ofAl Hada andAl-Shafa nearTa'if.[8]
This region includes the district ofMahd adh-Dhahab ("Cradle of the Gold"), betweenMecca and Medina. It is the principal gold-silver mine of Saudi Arabia but was only productive in c.a. 950 B.C. and 750-1258 A.D. and c.a. 1939-54.[9]
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Hills andmountains on the Arabian Peninsula | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Note: Mountains are sorted in alphabetical order, unless where it concerns ranges. The highest confirmed mountains in each country are indicated with 'HP', and those with the highest peak are indicated with 'HP', bearing in mind that in the UAE, the highest mountain and the mountain with the highest peak are different.Outcrops are indicated with 'OC', andoutliers with 'OL', andanticlines with 'AC'.Volcanoes are indicated with 'V',volcanic craters with 'VC',lava fields with 'LF', andvolcanic fields with 'VF'. Other notes:
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