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 TAV Brasil map. Stretch Rio/São Paulo/Campinas | |
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Service type | Inter-citytilting train |
| Status | Planned |
| Locale | Southeastern Brazil |
| Current operator | TAV Brasil |
| Ridership | 33 million (estimate) |
| Route | |
| Termini | Campinas Rio de Janeiro |
| Stops | 10 |
| Distance travelled | 510.8 km (317.4 mi) |
| Average journey time | 2 hours and 33 minutes |
| Train number | 42 (2014) – 84 (2024) |
| On-board services | |
| Classes | Business and first class |
| Disabled access | Fully accessible |
| Seating arrangements | Airline-style coach seating |
| Catering facilities | On-board café, and at-seat meals in first class |
| Baggage facilities | Checked baggage available at selected stations |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)standard gauge |
| Operating speed | 350 km/h (220 mph) maximum 300 km/h (190 mph) average |
TheTAV (Portuguese:Trem de Alta Velocidade, meaninghigh-speed train) isBrazil's first plannedhigh-speed rail service. The first line is proposed to run betweenRio de Janeiro andSão Paulo. It will travel 403 kilometres (250 mi) betweenBarão de Mauá Station andCampo de Marte Airport. The journey will take 85 minutes, reaching a maximum speed of 350 kilometres per hour (220 mph).[1]
The entire TAV project was originally budgeted at $231 billion,[1] supported by private and international investors rather than the federal government.[2] There have been several attempts to finance and launch the project, but construction has not started.[3]
A feasibility study projected demand of almost 33 million passengers by 2015. This estimate however is highly criticized for being too generous.[4]
The plans include linking theSão Paulo International Airport, inGuarulhos,Greater São Paulo, theViracopos International Airport, inCampinas, and theGaleão International Airport, inRio de Janeiro. The route will include 134 km (85 mi) of track passing through 105 tunnels and viaducts. In Guarulhos, São Paulo, there will be a tunnel of 15 km (9.3 mi) in length.
Apart from theInter-American Development Bank, five other international institutions have already tabled the possibility of investing in the Brazilian super train.BNDES, in particular, has proposed financing the project.[5] An estimated 200,000 jobs are expected to be generated by the project once it gets underway.[6]
The winning bidders will join the government as venture partners through apublic company, called ETAV. In July 2000, the CND (National Council for Privatization), following the ruling of the TCU (Court of Audit), authorized the release of the feasibility study for the project.[7]
The consortium that won the bidding for the high-speed train will, according to the original plan, have six years to complete the stretch between Rio and Campinas. According to ANTT (National Agency of Land Transport), however, the winning bidder could complete certain stretches ready for operation beforehand. It was hoped that the complete linkage between Campinas to Rio, via São Paulo, would be complete and in operation for the2016 Summer Olympics but, due to delays, the project was expected to be completed by 2020.[1][8] Due to thecoronavirus pandemic, the project has been delayed and is now expected to be completed in 2029.[9]
The ETAV, with headquarters inBrasília, aims to plan and promote the development ofhigh-speed rail integrated with other modes oftransportation in the country. ETAV's assignments include feasibility studies, technical-economicengineering, research,innovation andtechnology, absorb and transfer technology, supporting capacity development of national industry, overseeing the execution of the works ofinfrastructure and the implementation of the operation of transport high-speed railway. The newcompany will be organized in the form of a privately held corporation and has its capital represented by common shares - of which at least 50% will be owned by aUnion.[10]
The parameters of the plannedrailroad are: Gauge:1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in); Maximum Projected Speed: 350 km/h; Maximum Gradient (gradient) of the project: 3.5%; Minimum Horizontal Radius: 7228 m; Minimum Vertical Radius: 42.875 m; Axle Load per Train: 17 t; Crossing Loop/Minimum Platform Length at Each Station: 500 m/400 m (for train sets up to 16 cars).The extension and their paths are divided by 90.9 km or 56.4 mi (18%) ofTunnel, 107.8 km or 66.9 mi (21%) ofbridges andviaducts, and 312.1 km or 193.9 mi (61%) of the surface.[11]
Rio-São Paulo TAV | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The first planned line will link theBrazilian cities ofSão Paulo andRio de Janeiro. There will be seven stations on the route, including the cities ofCampinas,Jundiaí,São José dos Campos, andAparecida in theState of São Paulo and the cities ofResende,Barra Mansa in theState of Rio de Janeiro. The project will include the mainairports of Campinas, São Paulo, and Rio.
In 2009, the construction of the TAV High-speed railway betweenBrasília/Anápolis/Goiânia was announced, known as theExpresso Pequi. In 2017,South Korean rail operatorAREX proposed a line with a maximum speed of 250 km/h (160 mph) between the two cities.[12]
There are also plans for a high-speed railway between Uberlândia and Ribeirão Preto, which will be funded by the federal government.
