Proteins containing any of the abovedomains embedded in their sequence are known as HMG-motif proteins.HMG-box proteins are found in a variety ofeukaryotic organisms.
HMG proteins are thought to play a significant role in various human disorders. Disruptions and rearrangements in the genes coding for some of the HMG proteins are associated with some common benign tumors.Antibodies to HMG proteins are found in patients withautoimmune diseases. TheSRY gene on the Y Chromosome, responsible for male sexual differentiation, contains an HMG-Box domain. A member of the HMG family of proteins,HMGB1, has also been shown to have an extracellular activity as achemokine, attractingneutrophils and mononuclear inflammatory cells to the infectedliver.[3] The high-mobility group protein such as HMO1[4] alters DNA architecture by binding, bending and looping. Furthermore, theseHMG-boxDNA-binding proteins increase the flexibility of theDNA upon binding.[5]
^Reeves R. High mobility group (HMG) proteins: Modulators of chromatin structure and DNA repair in mammalian cells. DNA Repair (Amst). 2015 Dec;36:122-136. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.09.015. Epub 2015 Sep 16. PMID 26411874
