 | |
 | |
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name Hexadecane[1] | |
| Other names Cetane | |
| Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| 1736592 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider |
|
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.008.072 |
| EC Number |
|
| 103739 | |
| MeSH | n-hexadecane |
| UNII | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C16H34 | |
| Molar mass | 226.448 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colourless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like to odorless |
| Density | 0.77 g/cm3[2][3] |
| Melting point | 18.18 °C (64.72 °F; 291.33 K)[2] |
| Boiling point | 286.9 °C (548.4 °F; 560.0 K)[2] |
| logP | 8.859 |
| Vapor pressure | < 0.1 mbar (20 °C) |
Henry's law constant (kH) | 43 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| −187.6·10−6 cm3/mol[4] | |
| Thermal conductivity | 0.140 W/(m·K)[5] |
Refractive index (nD) | 1.4329[2] |
| Viscosity | 3.03 mPa·s[6] |
| Thermochemistry[7] | |
| 501.6 J K−1 mol−1 | |
Std enthalpy of formation(ΔfH⦵298) | −456.1 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
 | |
| Warning | |
| H315 | |
| Flash point | 136 °C (277 °F; 409 K)[8] |
| 202 °C (396 °F; 475 K)[8] | |
| Related compounds | |
Related alkanes | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Hexadecane (also calledcetane) is analkanehydrocarbon with thechemical formula C16H34. Hexadecane consists of a chain of 16carbon atoms, with threehydrogen atoms bonded to the two end carbon atoms, and two hydrogens bonded to each of the 14 other carbon atoms.
Cetane is often used as a shorthand forcetane number, a measure of the combustion ofdiesel fuel.[9] Cetane ignites very easily under compression; for this reason, it is assigned a cetane number of 100, and serves as a reference for other fuel mixtures.[10]
Hexadecyl is analkylradical ofcarbon andhydrogen derived from hexadecane, with formula C16H33 and with mass 225.433,[11] occurring especially incetyl alcohol.[12] It confers strong hydrophobicity on molecules containing it.[13]Carboplatin modified with hexadecyl andpolyethylene glycol has increasedliposolubility andPEGylation, proposed to useful inchemotherapy, specificallynon-small-cell lung cancer.[14]
Hexadecyl was used from 1982 forradiolabelling,[15] and this continues to be useful,[16] for example for radiolabellingexosomes andhydrogels,[17]and forpositron emission tomography.[18]
Hexadecylplatelet-activating factor has profound effects on the lung,[19] and hexadecyl glyceryl ether participates in thebiosynthesis ofplasmalogens.[20]
