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Henry Marc Brunel | |
|---|---|
| Born | Henry Marc Brunel (1842-06-27)27 June 1842 Westminster, Middlesex, England |
| Died | 7 October 1903(1903-10-07) (aged 61) Westminster, London, England |
| Occupation | Civil Engineer |
| Years active | 1861 – 1903 |
| Parents |
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| Relatives | Marc Isambard Brunel (paternal grandfather) |
Henry Marc Brunel (27 June 1842 – 7 October 1903) was an Englishcivil engineer and the son of engineerIsambard Kingdom Brunel and grandson of civil engineerMarc Isambard Brunel best known for his design work onTower Bridge built in partnership with SirJohn Wolfe Barry.
Henry Marc Brunel, known as Henry, was born inWestminster, London, on 27 June 1842, the second son of the celebrated engineerIsambard Kingdom Brunel and Elizabeth Mary Horsley.[1]
After being educated atHarrow School, Brunel decided to follow in his father and grandfather's footsteps by becoming a civil engineer and attendedKing's College London from 1859, the year of his father's death, until 1861.[1] He then gained experience in civil engineering initially being apprenticed for three years to SirWilliam Armstrong from 1861.[1]
In 1863 Brunel joined SirJohn Hawkshaw initially as his pupil then becoming his assistant until 1870.[1] While in this role he assisted on the construction ofPenarth Dock, Cardiff (where he gained his first experience as resident engineer),Albert Dock, Hull, and in an assessment of theCaledonian Railway.[1][2]
He helped take down his father'sHungerford Bridge with Sir John Hawkshaw, the chains being now atClifton Suspension Bridge. He also conducted initial surveys for aChannel Tunnel, a project in which Hawkshaw was particularly interested.[3]
Brunel is noted for a partnership from 1878 with SirJohn Wolfe Barry, with whom he designed theBlackfriars Railway Bridge and (after SirHorace Jones died)Tower Bridge[2] over theRiver Thames in centralLondon. The profit share in the partnership demonstrated Barry's leadership of the new firm with Brunel being limited to 10% of the partnership's net profit up to a gross income of £4,500 per annum.[2]
It is for his role on Tower Bridge for which Brunel is best known.[2] His first involvement dated back to 1878 when he prepared a case againstBazalgette's proposal for a low bridge for the Parliamentary Committee. After the death ofHorace Jones, and the appointment of Barry to be in charge, Brunel was tasked with the detailed design of the bridge and then supervised the construction being led byEdward Cruttwell, the resident engineer.[2]
Barry and Brunel's other works included the docks atBarry in southWales and theCreagan Bridge, a railway bridge over the narrows ofLoch Creran inScotland (jointly credited to Wolfe Barry, Brunel andEdward Cruttwell). SirAlexander Gibb was a pupil of Brunel and Wolfe Barry in 1895.
He also designed theSSChauncy Maples, which was built in Glasgow in 1899 and transported overland toLake Nyasa in Africa, where it served for more than one hundred years as a mission and hospital clinic.
Brunel was elected a Member of theInstitution of Civil Engineers on 6 March 1877, and was a Member of theInstitution of Mechanical Engineers andInstitution of Naval Architects.[1]
Brunel developed an interest in acting as a hobby, becoming a member of the Scientific and Amateur Dramatic Societies, and also contributed to his brother's biography of their father whose reputation he protected and promoted, working with his brother Isambard.[2]
In Autumn 1901 Brunel suffered a stroke, and he died at his home 21 Abingdon, Westminster on 7 October 1903.[1] He is buried with his father, grandfather, and other family members atKensal Green Cemetery in London.
Brunel neither married nor had children and was the last of the Brunel engineering dynasty.[2]
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