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Help:IPA/Burmese

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<Help:IPA
(Redirected fromHelp:IPA for Burmese)
This is thepronunciation key forIPA transcriptions of Burmese on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Burmese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishingconsensus on thetalk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Burmese
This page containsBurmese script. Without properrendering support, you may seequestion marks, boxes, or other symbols instead ofBurmese script.

The charts below show the way in which theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents theBurmese language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, seeTemplate:IPA andWikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

SeeBurmese phonology for a more thorough overview of the sounds of Burmese.

Consonants
IPABurmese exampleEnglish approximation
bဘဲ[bɛ́]bat
dဓာတ်[daʔ]dye
dʑဂျင်[dʑɪ̀ɰ̃]jump
ð[a]အညာသား[ʔəɲàðá]this
ɡဂုဏ်[ɡòʊɰ̃]gate
hဟုတ်[hoʊʔ]hone
jယား[já]yield
k[b]ကုန်[kòʊɰ̃]scan
kʰ[c]ခုန်[kʰòʊɰ̃]can
lလုပ်[loʊʔ]lay
l̥လှုပ်[l̥oʊʔ]play;like a clear/l/butvoiceless
mမတ်[maʔ]much
m̥မှတ်[m̥aʔ]wormhole
nနမ်း[náɰ̃]not
n̥နှမ်း[n̥áɰ̃]unhappy
ɲညစ်[ɲɪʔ]canyon
ɲ̥ညှစ်[ɲ̥ɪʔ]No English equivalent; like/ɲ/,butvoiceless
ŋငါး[ŋá]sing
ŋ̊ငှါး[ŋ̊á]Shanghai
p[b]ပဲ[pɛ́]spat
pʰ[c]ဖဲ[pʰɛ́]pat
ɹ[d]တိရစ္ဆာန်[təɹeɪʔsʰàɰ̃]rock
sစာ[sà]same
sʰ[c][e]ဆာ[sʰà]gas
ʃရှာ[ʃà]shoe
t[b]တတ်[taʔ]stop
tʰ[c]ထပ်[tʰaʔ]top
tɕ[b]ကြဉ်[tɕɪ̀ɰ̃]itch
tɕʰ[c]ချင်[tɕʰɪ̀ɰ̃]chew
θ[f]သတ်[θaʔ]thin
wဝါး[wá]wield
ʍလက်ဝှေ့[lɛʔʍḛ]what in some conservative dialects;voiceless/w/
ɰ̃[g]ခံ[kʰàɰ̃]Japanese たん or Mongolian хаан; see footnote
zဇာ[zà]zoo
ʔအုတ်[ʔoʊʔ]uh-oh, Cockney bottle
Vowels
IPABurmese exampleEnglish approximation
aနား[ná]father
aɪနိုင်[nàɪɰ̃]might
aʊ[h]နောက်[naʊʔ]mouth
eနေ[nè]Scottish English mate
eɪ[h]နိပ်[neɪʔ]may
ɛနယ်[nɛ̀]met
ə[i]ခလုတ်[kʰəloʊʔ]comma
iနီး[ní]meet
ɪ[h]နင်း[nɪ́ɰ̃]mit
oနို့[no̰]story
oʊ[h]နုန်း[nóʊɰ̃]mole
ɔနော်[nɔ̀]off
uနှူး[n̥ú]cool
ʊ[h]နွမ်း[nʊ́ɰ̃]cook
Tones
IPABurmese examplesExplanation
`ငါ[ŋà]Normalphonation, medium duration, low intensity, low (often slightly rising) pitch
´ငါး[ŋá]Sometimes slightlybreathy, relatively long, high intensity, high pitch; often with a fall before a pause
˷ငါ့[ŋa̰]Tense orcreaky phonation (sometimes with laxglottal stop), medium duration, high intensity, high (often slightly falling) pitch

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Varies between [d̪~d̪͡ð~ð~ɾ̪͡ð~ɾ̪]. Voiced allophone of/θ/.
  2. ^abcdUnaspirated, like inRomance orSlavic languages.
  3. ^abcdeHeavilyaspirated (very highVOT), like inKorean orNavajo.
  4. ^A marginal consonant in Burmese,/ɹ/ occurs only in foreign words, and is often replaced by/j/ or/l/.
  5. ^Often realized as[s̤].
  6. ^Varies between [t̪~t̪͡θ~θ~ɾ̪̥͡θ~ɾ̪̥ʰ].
  7. ^The vowel before/ɰ̃/ is alwaysnasalized, and if a consonant follows/ɰ̃/, then/ɰ̃/ becomeshomorganic with the following consonant; e.g.,ပြည်ထောင်စု'union'/pjìdàʊɰ̃zṵ/ >[pjìdã̀ʊ̯̃nzṵ].
  8. ^abcdeThe sounds[aʊ],[eɪ],[ɪ],[oʊ], and[ʊ][citation needed] are allophones of/ɔ/,/e/,/i/,/o/, and/u/[citation needed] respectively, occurring inclosed syllables, i.e. before/ɰ̃/ and/ʔ/.
  9. ^Only occurs inminor syllables, i.e. open non-final syllables without tone.

See also

[edit]
Comparisons
Introductory guides
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