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Help:IPA/Hawaiian

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<Help:IPA
This is thepronunciation key forIPA transcriptions of Hawaiian on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Hawaiian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishingconsensus on thetalk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Hawaiian

The charts below show the way in which theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) representsHawaiian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, seeTemplate:IPA andWikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

SeeHawaiian phonology for more detail on the sounds of Hawaiian.

Consonants
IPAExamplesNearest English equivalent
hHonoluluhat
jMauna Kea[ˈkɛjə][1]yes
kKamehameha[2]sky
lHonolulu,Lānaʻi[3]lean
mMauimoon
nLānaʻinote
pPelespy
tWaikīkī, wikiwiki[2]steal
vwikiwiki[4]vision
wLoa[ˈlowə], Kīlauea[tiːlɐwˈwɛjə][4]wall
ʔHawaiʻi, Oʻahuuh-oh!
(acatch in the throat)
Stress
IPAExampleNote
ˈHonolulu[honoˈlulu]placed before the stressed syllable[5]
Vowels
IPAExamplesNearest English equivalent
aːLānaʻifather
ɐOʻahu, Molokaʻi[6]nut
əHawaiʻi, Mauna Loa[6]sofa
eːKēōkeahey
ɛPele[7]bed
eKahoʻolawe[7]Spanish seta
iːWaikīkībead
iwikiwikibeat
oːʻōʻūmore (long)
oHonolulumore (short)
uːʻōʻūcool
uHonoluluwool
Diphthongs
Short diphthongs
jukiucue
owkākoumole
o̯ipoiqueen
ewheuSpanish neutro
ejleiMay
ɐwMauna[8]coworRP,Aus,NZ low
ɐjWaikīkī[8]light
ɐo̯haoleSpanish caos
ɐe̯koaeaSpanish trae
Long diphthongs
oːwʻōuliAmerican no way;RP, Aus, NZ Norway
eːjkēiamay you
aːwkāuRP far west
aːjkāiaRP far younger
aːo̯ʻāokacrowd
aːe̯māeaItalianaere

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^They sound[j] is not written, but appears between a front vowel (i, e) and a non-front vowel (a, o, u)
  2. ^ab[k] and[t], spelledk, are variants of a single consonant.[k] is almost universal at the beginnings of words, while[t] is most common before the voweli.[t] is also more common in the western dialects, as on Kauaʻi, while[k] predominates on the Big Island.
  3. ^In some dialects the letterl tends to be pronounced[n], especially in words with ann in them. On the western islands it tends to be pronounced as a tap,[ɾ].
  4. ^ab[w] and[v], spelledw, are variants of a single consonant.[w] is the norm after back vowelsu, o, while[v] is the norm after front vowelsi, e. Initially and after the central vowela, as in Hawaiʻi, they are found in free variation.[w] also occurs, though it is usually not written, between a back vowel (u, o) and a non-back vowel (i, e, a).
  5. ^Stress falls on thepenultimate vowel, with diphthongs and long vowels counting as two (that is, a final long vowel or diphthong will be stressed). Longer words may have a second stressed vowel, whose position is not predictable.
  6. ^abShorta is pronounced[ɐ] when stressed and[ə] when not.
  7. ^abShorte is[ɛ] when stressed and generally when next tol, n, or another syllable with a[ɛ]; otherwise it is[e].
  8. ^abIn rapid speech,/ɐw/ and/ɐj/ tend to be pronounced[ɔw] and[ɛj], respectively.

See also

[edit]
Comparisons
Introductory guides
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