Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Help:IPA/Colognian

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<Help:IPA
This is thepronunciation key forIPA transcriptions of Colognian on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Colognian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishingconsensus on thetalk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Colognian
This article includes inline links to audio files. If you have trouble playing the files, seeWikipedia Media help.

The charts below show the way in which theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) representsColognian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, seeTemplate:IPA andWikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

SeeColognian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Colognian.

Consonants
IPAColognian examplesEnglish approximation
bBotzⓘ,jlibboⓘball
dDankeschönⓘ, Saddeldone
dʒDschungel, wadschelejungle
fFußßⓘ, Waffelfuss
ɡwaggelegust
hHöhnerⓘ, Buhai, Bahhut
ɧSchimie,verstecheⓘ, biestig,fußßichⓘbush
j[a]joode Morjeⓘ,fußßijeⓘyuck
ʒ[a]Geniere, nuschele,"Esch bin et..."ⓘpleasure
kKannß DoKölsch?ⓘ,Jlockeⓘ, Pekkiss
lLack,halloⓘluck
m"Minge Naame iß."ⓘ, summemay
nEnne schöneNommendaachⓘnot
ŋsenge, lang,Dankeschönⓘlong
pPeck, Appel, Kapppeck
ʁRään,Beidrageⓘguttural r
sfaste,"Isch heißen..."ⓘbus
ʃschäl, Mösche, Böschbush
tToon,Bitteschönⓘ, Bütttone
tsZupp, Mätze, Fuzpizza
tʃtschöⓘ, letsche, Matschchat
vVas,'n Ovendⓘ, övvervast
wWeßßeⓘ,
Kannß Do Änglesch schwaade?ⓘ[b]		sometimes likewillbut
more often with the lips only
xWoche,"Joode Naach."ⓘScottish loch
zSunn, lässe,jrooseⓘzone
ʔ'enßⓘ, be'erdije, perdü'uh-oh
Pitch accent
IPAColognian
examples		English
approximation		Explanation
ˈBahnhoffstrohßeintonationprimary stress
ˌBahnhoffstrohßesecondary stress
◌̂/ˈʃtîːf/ "stiffness",
/ˈhûːs/ "house (dat.)",
/ˈʃlɛ̂ːʃ/ "beats (n. pl.)",
/ˈzêɪ/ "sieve",
/ˈkân/ "(tea)pot, jug"[c]		fallingtone
(Stoßton,
Accent 1)
◌́/ˈzǿlts/Sülz[d]hightone
(Schleifton,
Accent 2)
Vowels
IPAColognian examplesEnglish approximation
aːbeidraareⓘ, Plaat, Bar,Ahle, Bahnbra
aAx, spack,Pavaijerⓘbra, but short
eːWikkipedijaⓘ,eetsⓘsomewhat like play
eenjonn, seze,Weßßeⓘsomewhat like play, but short
ɛːÄäpel, Pääd,nääⓘ,äänz, Nählfairy
ɛEck,"Bläck Fööss"ⓘ, dä!bed
iːIeß, Pief, di,ieser, Dier, auwieh!,jrieseⓘeat
iWie iß Dinge Naameⓘ[e]city
ɪin, Friko,hätzlisch Willkummeⓘsit
ɔːjrooseⓘ, booh,Nohkiexelⓘ,[f]joⓘ,'nOvendⓘoff, but long
ɔJlockⓘ, mer[g]off
œːÖöschel, pöze, Blööh,Öl, Pöhlsomewhat likeurgent
œÖschel, Pött,Kölscheⓘ
øːÖöz, kööze, bleu, Rösje,Jröhßⓘ
øÖllije, Kött, ?ömjonn,Jlöckⓘ
oːOoschel, koot,Ohm, Dooch,Jrohßⓘmore (long)
oop, lovve,"De vier Botze"ⓘ,Halloⓘstory (short)
ʊːPattevueltook (long)
ʊus, Hunk,Botzⓘtook (short)
uːuze, Pluute, Schmu,Uhr, Bud, esupool (long)
uUssel,Fußßeⓘpool (short)
yːüüßerlech, süht,Üül,Jrühßⓘ, perdüsomewhat like cute
yüvver,Füßßjeⓘ
ʏüch, tüntele
aɪei,Eiter, Weihnaach, zwei,Eier, Weiher, Paveitie
aːʊAuto, Strauß, mauout
aʊAuflach, Zauß, Schabau, ?zaubere, ?Kakau
eɪei,Beidrareⓘ, Zeidung, sei,eine, zeije, Schnei"Wie jeit et?"ⓘalien, mania, bay
iɐ̯Liehr,"De vier Botze"ⓘsimilar to dear
oʊAuge, Baum, hau,Aug, sauge, Hausimilar to goal
ɔʏSchnäuzer, Heu, Häuche, Häusimilar to boy
øʏSträuf, Späu,Äujelche, Bäum,neuⓘ,neujeⓘ
Reduced vowels
ɐ"Verston ech nit."ⓘ,Höhnerⓘnutor sofa(but not balance)[h]
əe,en, bedon,de decke Pitterⓘbalance(but not sofa)[h]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^abThephone[ʒ] occurs also often as a positionalallophone of[j] when a final[ʃ] or[ɧ] of a word stem is either followed by a vowel of a grammatical suffix or becomes voiced under the influence of aliaison or due tocoarticulation. Under normal circumstances,[j] is used to transcribe these.
  2. ^Much like in relatedLuxemburgish,[1]/w/ must stay velar after/k,ts,(t)ʃ/; it is in free variation with[β] and[ʋ] in other pre-vocalic positions.
  3. ^Only occurs on stressed vowels. Though a falling tone in Cologne, realizations vary by dialect and accent. Compare these "accent 1" words with their "accent 2" words/ˈʃtiːf/ "stiff",/ˈhuːs/ "house (nom./​acc.)",/ˈʃlɛːʃ/ "bad",/zeɪ/ "she",/kan/ "(I/​he) can" withoutStoßton.
  4. ^Only occurs on stressed vowels. Though a high tone in Cologne, realizations vary by dialect and accent.
  5. ^Pure length oppositions are lost in unstressed syllables.
  6. ^Idiolectal neologism for'encyclopedia', hasn't gained wider recognition.
  7. ^/ər/ (main allophone:[ɐ]) can, for some speakers, have the same realisation as unstressed allophones of/ɔ/.
  8. ^abAs several other Germanic languages, Colognian has mid[ə] and open[ɐ] schwas. Care must be taken to clearly distinguish between the two. In English, the former appears in words such asbalance,cannon andchairman and the latter variably insofa,China (especially at the very end of utterance) and, in some dialects, also inago andagain, but one needs to remember that Colognian[ɐ] has no such free variation and is always open, just as[ə] is always mid. In some English dialects (e.g. mostEstuary English speakers),/ʌ/ in words such asnut andstrut is a perfect replacement for Colognian[ɐ], but the latter is an unstressed-only vowel that can also appear in open syllables, which generally cannot be said about the English/ʌ/.

Citation

[edit]
  1. ^Gilles, Peter; Trouvain, Jürgen (2013)."Luxembourgish"(PDF).Journal of the International Phonetic Association.43 (1):67–74.doi:10.1017/S0025100312000278. cf. p. 69.

Bibliograph

[edit]
  • Hoenig, Fritz (1905).Wörterbuch der Kölner Mundart (in German) (2nd ed.). Köln.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Heike, Georg (1964). "Zur Phonologie der Stadtkölner Mundart. Eine experimentelle Untersuchung der akustischen Unterscheidungsmerkmale".Deutsche Dialektgeographie. Vol. 57. Marburg: Elwert-Verlag.
  • Froitzheim, Claudia (1984). "Artikulationsnormen der Umgangssprache in Köln".Continuum.Schriftenreihe zur Linguistik. Vol. 2. Tübingen: Narr.ISBN 3-87808-332-7. (AlsoDissertation at theUniversity of Cologne, 1983).
  • Wrede, Adam (1999).Neuer Kölnischer Sprachschatz (12th ed.). Köln: Greven Verlag.ISBN 3-7743-0243-X.
  • Bhatt, Christa; Herrwegen, Alice (2005).Das Kölsche Wörterbuch (2nd ed.). Köln: J. P. Bachem-Verlag.ISBN 3-7616-1942-1.

For another simplerphonemic writing system ofWest Middle German andMeuse-Rhenish including Colognian, see:

See also

[edit]
Comparisons
Introductory guides
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Colognian&oldid=1315769044"
Category:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2026 Movatter.jp