Hayashi Tadasu | |
|---|---|
林 董 | |
 Hayashi Tadasuc. 1902 | |
| Minister of Communications | |
| In office 30 August 1911 – 21 December 1912 | |
| Prime Minister | Saionji Kinmochi |
| Preceded by | Gotō Shinpei |
| Succeeded by | Gotō Shinpei |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 19 May 1906 – 14 July 1908 | |
| Prime Minister | Saionji Kinmochi |
| Preceded by | Saionji Kinmochi |
| Succeeded by | Terauchi Masatake |
| Governor ofHyōgo Prefecture | |
| In office 26 December 1889 – 15 June 1891 | |
| Monarch | Meiji |
| Preceded by | Utsumi Tadakatsu |
| Succeeded by | Sufu Kōhei |
| Governor ofKagawa Prefecture | |
| In office 3 December 1888 – 26 December 1889 | |
| Monarch | Meiji |
| Preceded by | Yoshio Nitta (1876) |
| Succeeded by | Shibahara Yawara |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Satō Shingoro (1850-04-11)11 April 1850 |
| Died | 10 July 1913(1913-07-10) (aged 63) |
| Resting place | Aoyama Cemetery |
| Spouse | |
| Children | Fukuzawa Kiku (daughter) Hayashi Masanosuke (son) |
| Parent(s) | Satō Taizen (biological father) Hayashi Dokai (adoptive father) |
| Relatives | Matsumoto Ryōjun (brother) |
| Education | University College School |
| Alma mater | King's College London |
| Occupation | Diplomat, cabinet minister |
| Other names | Satō Tosaburō |
CountHayashi Tadasu,GCVO (林 董; 11 April 1850 – 10 July 1913[1]) was a Japanese career diplomat andcabinet minister ofMeiji-eraJapan.[2]
He was born Satō Shingoro inSakura city,Shimōsa Province (present-dayChiba prefecture),[3] as the son ofSatō Taizen, a physician practising"Dutch medicine" for theSakura Domain. He sometimes referred to himself as "Satō Tosaburō". He was adopted as a child by Hayashi Dokai, a physician in the service of theTokugawa shogunate, from whom he received the name Hayashi Tadasu. He learned English at the Hepburn Academy (the forerunner ofMeiji Gakuin University) inYokohama.
From 1866 to 1868, Hayashi studied inGreat Britain atUniversity College School andKing's College London as one of fourteen young Japanese students (includingKikuchi Dairoku) sent by the Tokugawa government on the advice of the then British foreign ministerEdward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby.
Hayashi returned home in the midst of theBoshin War of theMeiji Restoration, and joined with Tokugawa loyalists led byEnomoto Takeaki, whom he accompanied toHokkaidō with the remnants of theShogunate Army and itsNavy. He was captured by theImperial forces after the final defeat of theRepublic of Ezo at theBattle of Hakodate and imprisoned in Yokohama.[4]
Released in 1871 by Kanagawa governorMutsu Munemitsu, he was recruited to work for theMeiji government in 1871, and because of his language abilities and previous overseas experience was selected to accompany theIwakura Mission to Europe and the United States in 1871–1873.[3]
Being a member of the Iwakura Mission in Britain, he was instructed byYamao Yozo to arrange appointment of the teaching staff for theEngineering Institution (Japan) in the end of 1872.[5] He returned home with the staff led byHenry Dyer as the principal, and endeavoured to set up theImperial College of Engineering, Tokyo as an officer of the Engineering Institution of theMinistry of Public Works.
After the Ministry of Public Works was abolished, he moved to the Ministry of Post and Telecommunication, then was appointed governor ofKagawa Prefecture, and then ofHyōgo Prefecture. In 1891, he was appointed Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs. He was elevated to the title ofbaron (danshaku) in thekazoku peerage in 1895.
Hayashi was appointed as resident minister to the court ofQing dynasty China at the Japanese legation in Beijing, then resident minister to Russia inSt Petersburg, and finally resident minister to Great Britain. While serving in London from 1900, he worked to successfully conclude theAnglo-Japanese Alliance and signed on behalf of the government of Japan on 30 January 1902.[3] He was elevated to the title ofviscount (shishaku) in February 1902.
On 2 December 1905 Hayashi became the first Japanese ambassador to theCourt of St James's, as diplomatic relations were upgraded between the Empire of Japan and the British Empire.[3] He was accompanied by his wife.[6] At that time SirClaude MacDonald was Hayashi's opposite number in Tokyo.
On becomingForeign Minister in the firstSaionji cabinet in 1906, Hayashi concluded agreements with France (theFranco-Japanese Agreement of 1907) and Russia (theRusso-Japanese Agreement of 1907 andRusso-Japanese Agreement of 1910). He served asMinister of Communications in the second Saionji cabinet and as interim Foreign Minister (1911–12).[7] He was elevated to the title ofcount (hakushaku) in 1907.[3]
On contracting diabetes, Hayashi retired in 1912, and in June 1913 he fractured his thigh in an accident, resulting in an amputation. Hayashi died a month later, and his grave is atAoyama Cemetery in Tokyo.[7]
In 1875, he marriedGamo Misao (1858–1942).[8] They had a daughter and a son, Kiku and Masanosuke.
Hayashi became a master mason in 1904, initiated in 1903 in Empire Lodge No. 2108, inLondon.[9] He resigned from the lodge in 1907.[9]
 | This article includes a list ofgeneral references, butit lacks sufficient correspondinginline citations. Please help toimprove this article byintroducing more precise citations.(September 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922)."Hayashi, Tadasu".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 31 (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. p. 344.| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Minister for Foreign Affairs 1906–1908 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of Communications Aug 1911 – Dec 1912 | Succeeded by |
