Haut-Katanga | |
|---|---|
 Provincial Assembly Building of Haut-Katanga | |
 Seal | |
_-_Haut-Katanga.svg) | |
| Coordinates:11°40′S27°29′E / 11.667°S 27.483°E /-11.667; 27.483 | |
| Country |  DR Congo |
| Established | 16 July 2015 |
| Capital and largest city | Lubumbashi |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Jacques Kyabula[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 132,425 km2 (51,130 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 5th |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 5,718,800 |
| • Rank | 6th |
| • Density | 43.185/km2 (111.85/sq mi) |
| Ethnic groups | |
| • Native | Balamba •Balala •Baaushi •Ababemba •Bakaonde •Baluba •Bataabwa •Babwile •Garanganze(Bayeke) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
| License Plate Code | CGO /04 |
| Official language | French |
| National language | Kiswahili |
| Website | www |
Haut-Katanga (French for "Upper Katanga") is the southernmostprovince of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.[2] Haut-Katanga and its neighboring provinces ofHaut-Lomami,Lualaba, andTanganyika were created in the2015 repartitioning of the former province ofKatanga.[3] It was formed from theHaut-Katanga district and the independently administered cities ofLikasi andLubumbashi. Lubumbashi, the second-largest city in the DRC,[4] is the provincial capital.[2] It had an estimated population of 5,718,800 in 2020.[5]
An early state that existed in present-day Haut-Katanga from the 17th century was theLunda Empire. Industrial development began in the early 20th century with the colonial companyUnion Minière du Haut-Katanga, operating in the south of Katanga withinBelgian Congo. The rise of mining caused migration from theKasaï region, which led to ethnic and socioeconomic tensions. The industrialized south Katanga attempted tobreak away as an independent state in the early 1960s, just after the DRC achieved independence fromBelgium, and there was a civil war with the agrarian and centralist north.[6][7] It was brought back under the government's control with aUN intervention. In the following decades the Katanga Province, and in particular the south, experienced large-scale mining and infrastructure development.[6][4] Katanga became the wealthiest region in the DRC and contributed over half of its GDP. It declined after 1980s, but recovered in the years after theSecond Congo War.[8]
The economy of Haut-Katanga is heavily dependent on mining, while other sectors such as tourism and agriculture are less developed.[9] Along with Lualaba, it is in theCopperbelt ofCentral Africa,[10] and the two provinces are the DRC's southern economic center.[4] The production ofcopper andcobalt in Haut-Katanga is the foundation of the formaleconomy of the DRC.[11] One of the largest copper deposits in the world is outside of Lubumbashi,[4] and there are several industrial-scale mines in the province operated by DRC state-owned, Chinese, or multinational companies.[9] Most miners in Haut-Katanga engage inartisanal mining, taking their production to trading posts in Lubumbashi orLikasi.[11] Despite having over 2.7 millionhectares ofarable land, Haut-Katanga depends on food imports, because much of the land and work force is used by the mining industry.[12] The industry has also caused human rights and environmental problems.[9]
Haut-Katanga is the southernmost province of theDemocratic Republic of the Congo and is part of the historic region and former province ofKatanga.[2]
The southern part of the province has amonsoon-influenced humidtropical climate, while the northern part has atropical savanna climate.[13]
Haut-Katanga is divided into six territories and two cities.
Territories:
Cities:
| Belgian Congo | Republic of the Congo | Zaire | Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1908 | 1919 | 1932 | 1947 | 1963 | 1966 | 1971 | 1988 | 1997 | 2015 |
| 22 districts | 4 provinces | 6 provinces | 6 provinces | 21 provinces + capital | 8 provinces + capital | 8 provinces + capital | 11 provinces | 11 provinces | 26 provinces |
| Tanganika-Moero | Katanga | Élisabethville | Katanga | Nord-Katanga | Katanga | Shaba | Katanga | Tanganyika | |
| Haut-Lomami | |||||||||
| Lulua | Lualaba | Lualaba | |||||||
| Haut-Luapula | Katanga-Oriental | Haut-Katanga | |||||||
| Lomami | Lusambo | Kasaï | Lomami | Kasaï-Oriental | Lomami | ||||
Media related toHaut-Katanga Province at Wikimedia Commons| Cities and communes |
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