Hasyim Asy'ari | |
|---|---|
 Hasyim Asy'ari | |
| Born | Muhammad Hasyim (1871-02-14)14 February 1871[1] /(1875-04-10)10 April 1875[2] |
| Died | (1947-07-25)25 July 1947 (aged 76/72) Jombang, Indonesia |
| Occupation | Ulama |
| Known for | Founding theNahdlatul Ulama |
KyaiHajiHasyim Asy'ari (also spelledHashim Ashari; 14 February 1871 or 10 April 1875 – 25 July 1947) was an Indonesianulama,National Hero and founder of theNahdlatul Ulama (abbreviated as NU).
Hasyim Asy'ari was born Muhammad Hasyim in Gedang,Jombang Regency on 10 April 1875.[3] He is the third children of Kyai Asy'ari and Halimah.[4] His family was deeply involved in the administrations ofpesantrens (Islamic boarding schools). His grandfather, Kyai Usman, was the founder of Gedang Pesantren and his great-grandfather was the founder of Tambakberas Pesantren.[5]
Hasyim Asy'ari's ancestry can be traced toSultan Hadiwijaya ofPajang, and further, to Brawijaya VI (Girindrawardhana), the last king ofMajapahit.[citation needed]
He was educated byAhmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi, an Imam atMasjid al-Haram andulama, who was also the teacher ofAhmad Dahlan, the founder ofMuhammadiyah, and Zakaria bin Muhammad Amin, the founder of Al-Khairiyah Islamic boarding school and MDTA Mahbatul Ulum.[6]
At the age of twenty, he married Khadijah, the daughter of Pesantren Siwalan Panji's leader. One year later, they went toMecca. After seven months, his wife died, and also his son, Abdullah two months later.[7]
In 1899, he founded Pesantren Tebuireng, which later became the largestpesantren in Java in the early 20th century having four thousand students in 1947.[8] The pesantren also became the center for the reform of traditional Islamic teaching.[9]
On 31 January 1926, he and several traditional Islamic leaders foundedNahdlatul Ulama (Awakening ofUlamas). During theJapanese occupation era, he was arrested, and several months later he was released and became Head of Religious Affairs.[9]
He died suddenly on 25 July 1947 due to hypertension, after hearing news thatDutch troops were winning a battle inMalang.[10]
He married seven times and all of his wives were daughters ofulamas. Four of his wives were Khadijah, Nafisah, Nafiqah and Masrurah. One of his sons,Wahid Hasyim was one of the formulators of theJakarta Charter and later became Minister of Religious Affairs,[11] while his grandsonAbdurrahman Wahid becamePresident of Indonesia.
Beliau lahir di Gedang, desa di daerah Jombang, Jawa Timur, hari Selasa Kliwon 24 Dzu Al-Qa'idah 1287 H.[He was born in Gedang, a village in Jombang, East Java, in Kliwon Tuesday on 24 Dhu al-Qadah 1287 AH.]
Dari pernikahannya itu, pasangan Asy'ari dan Halimah dianugerahi 11 orang anak yaitu, Nafi'ah, Ahmad Saleh, Muhammad Hasyim, Radiah Hasan, Anis, Fatanah, Maimunah, Maksum, Nahrawi, dan Adnan.[From the marriage, the couple Asy'ari and Halimah was granted 11 childrens, that is, Nafi'ah, Ahmad Saleh, Muhammad Hasyim, Radiah Hasan, Anis, Fatanah, Maimunah, Maksum, Nahrawi, and Adnan.]
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)| International | |
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