| Haqnazar Khan حقنظر خان | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khan Khanzada Sultan Shah-i-Turan | |||||
| Khan of the Kazakh Khanate | |||||
| Reign | 1538–1580 | ||||
| Predecessor | Toghym Khan | ||||
| Successor | Shygai Khan | ||||
| Born | 1509 Kazakh Khanate | ||||
| Died | (1580-05-19)May 19, 1580 Turkistan,Kazakh Khanate | ||||
| |||||
| House | House of Borjigin | ||||
| Dynasty | Tore House of Urus Khan | ||||
| Father | Qasim Khan | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Haqnazar Haider Sultan bin Qasim Khan (Kazakh:حقنظر حیدر سلطان بن قاسم خان), commonly known asHaqnazar Khan, was the khan of theKazakh khanate from 1538-1580. He was the second-oldest son ofQasim Khan and the younger brother ofMuhammed Khan.
Haqnazar's name comes from the Arabic word "хақ", which means "truth, correctness" and the Turko-Persian word "Nazar," which means "vision". For much of his early life, Haqnazar was simply called by his middle name "Haider", which was given to him in honor of Kasım Khan'sShaybanid uncle, Sheikh Haidar. He only went by "Haqnazar" after succeedingAhmed Khan and Toghym Khan as the ruler of theKazakhs.
Under Haqnazar Khan, also known as Haq-Nazar or Khaknazar Khan[1] or Ak Nazar Khan,[2] theKazakh Khanate faced competition from several directions: theNogai Horde in the west, theKhanate of Sibir in the north,Moghulistan in the east and theKhanate of Bukhara in the south.
Haqnazar Khan began to liberate the occupied Kazakh lands. He returned the northern regions of Sary-Arka to the Kazakh Khanate. Having begun a campaign against the Nogai Horde, Haqnazar reconqueredSaray-Juk from the Nogai Horde and the surrounding Kazakh territories as well. In the fight against the Khivans, the Kazakhs conquered the Mangyshlak peninsula and successfully repelled the Oirats. Haqnazar began a campaign againstMoghulistan with the aim of finally re-incorporating Jetysu into the Kazakh Khanate. The campaign ended successfully and resulted in defeat for Moghulistan. However, in the north, there was a threat from the Khanate of Sibir, led byKuchum Khan. After successfully defeating Kuchum, Haqnazar reunited the Kazakh tribes and became the sole ruler of the Kazakh Khanate, the first to do so sinceTahir Khan. In doing so, Haqnazar was bestowed with the title "Shah-i-Turan" (Persian for "King ofTuran"), a title once held by one of his predecessorsAhmed Khan. Haqnazar became only the second khan to hold this title.
In 1568, theKazakhs successfully defeated theNogai Horde at theEmba River and reachedAstrakhan, but were repelled byRussian forces.[1][3][4]