Hainan Prefecture 海南州 ·མཚོ་ལྷོ་ཁུལ། | |
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海南藏族自治州 ·མཚོ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ | |
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 Location of Hainan Prefecture in Qinghai | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Qinghai |
| Named after | South ofQinghai Lake |
| Prefecture seat | Gonghe County (Qabqa) |
| Area | |
| 44,546.21 km2 (17,199.39 sq mi) | |
| • Water | 2,981.55 km2 (1,151.18 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 5,305 m (17,405 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 2,168 m (7,113 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
| 446,996 | |
| • Density | 10.0344/km2 (25.9891/sq mi) |
| • Rural | 267,100 |
| GDP[1] | |
| • Autonomous prefecture | CN¥ 14.0 billion US$ 2.3 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 30,379 US$ 4,878 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-QH-25 |
| Website | www |
| Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Chinese | 海南藏族自治州 | ||||||
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| Tibetan name | |||||||
| Tibetan | མཚོ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ | ||||||
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Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, formerly known asTsolho Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture[2] (Chinese:海南藏族自治州;Tibetan:མཚོ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་), is anautonomous prefecture of NortheasternQinghai Province inWestern China. The prefecture has an area of 45,895 square kilometres (17,720 sq mi) and its seat is located inGonghe County. Its name literally means "south of(Qinghai) Lake."[3]
The land of Hainan prefecture was originally inhabited by theQiang andRong people. During theWestern Han it was incorporated in the Chinese dynasties. In 60 BC,Guide County was established, then called Guan County. It was governed underJincheng (present dayLanzhou).[3]
In 2019, the prefecture had 478,000 inhabitants, with 331,995 belonging toethnic minorities. The following is a list of ethnic groups in the prefecture, as of 2019.[4]
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Tibetan | 326,600 | 68.3% |
| Han | 129,000 | 21.5% |
| Hui | 37,100 | 7.8% |
| Tu | 5,700 | 1.2% |
| Mongol | 3,700 | 0.8% |
| Salar | 1,300 | 0.3% |
Hainan Prefecture was established in 1953.[5] The prefecture is subdivided into 5county-level divisions (5counties):
| Map | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie Tibetan Pinyin | Population (2010 Census) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Gonghe County | 共和县 | Gònghé Xiàn | གསེར་ཆེན་རྫོང་ | gser chen rdzong Gêrqên Zong | 122,966 | 16,050 | 7.66 | |
| Tongde County | 同德县 | Tóngdé Xiàn | འབའ་རྫོང་ | 'ba' rdzong Pa Zong | 64,369 | 6,494 | 9.91 | |
| Guide County | 贵德县 | Guìdé Xiàn | ཁྲི་ཀ་རྫོང་ | thri ka rdzong Triga Zong | 101,771 | 3,600 | 28.26 | |
| Xinghai County | 兴海县 | Xīnghǎi Xiàn | བྲག་དཀར་རྫོང་ | brag dkar rdzong Zhag'gar Zong | 76,025 | 13,158 | 5.77 | |
| Guinan County | 贵南县 | Guìnán Xiàn | མང་རྫོང་ | mang rdzong Mang Zong | 76,560 | 6,593 | 11.61 | |
Hainan is rather mountainous, with the Gonghe basin in the middle of the area. The elevation ranges from 5305 m to 2168 m, averaging 3000 m. The largest lake is Qinghai Lake, and the prefecture is traversed by theYellow River.
Most of the land, 78.67%, is natural grassland used for grazing. 2.19% is cultivated for agriculture, 4.14% is forest, 6.69% is covered by water and rivers, 0.53% by residential area and industry and the remaining 7.7% consists of barren areas such as glaciers, swamps and desert.[3]
Hainan's economy is specialized in animal husbandry, hydropower and tourism.[3]
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