Hadar HaCarmel (Hebrew:הדר הכרמל lit. "Splendor of the Carmel"; or simply known as theneighbourhood ofHadarHebrew:שכונת הדר,الهدار inArabic) is a district ofHaifa,Israel. Located on the northern slope ofMount Carmel between the upper and lower city overlooking thePort of Haifa andHaifa Bay, it was once the commercial center of Haifa.
The name of the neighborhood is derived from a verse inIsaiah35:2:[1]
The glory of Lebanon will be given to it,the splendor of Carmel and Sharon; they will see the glory of the Lord, the splendor of our God.
Hadar HaCarmel was founded beforeWorld War I.Shmuel Pevzner was one of the founders of the neighborhood and head of its development committee in 1922-1927.[2]
By 1944, most of Haifa's 66,000 Jewish residents lived in the district.[3] Haifa's city hall, courthouse and government buildings were located in Hadar, but relocated to the lower city (Downtown) in the turn of the 21st century.[4]
Hadar has historically been characterized as a Jewish immigrant neighbourhood with many Holocaust survivors settled in the area, and in the early 1990s when many newcomers from the former Soviet Union were first absorbed there.
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TheTechnion was established in Hadar, and was located there until the new Kiryat HaTechnion ("Technion City") campus was inaugurated inNave Sha'anan in the late 1970s. The old historic building, dating from 1912, is now a hands-on science museum, theIsrael National Museum of Science, Technology, and Space. TheCarmelit, Israel's only subway, runs fromCarmel Center to Downtown's Paris Square via Hadar HaCarmel, and three of the line's six stations are located in the district. The neighborhood has manyBauhaus buildings designed byGerman-Jewish architects who settled inMandatory Palestine after fleeing the Nazis.[4] Hadar is close to Downtown'sWadi Nisnas landmarks, such asBeit HaGefen, anArab–Jewish cultural center and AlMeidan Arab-language Theater.
Hadar HaCarmel has roughly 37,200 residents, accounting for 14% of Haifa's population. It is a neighborhood in flux with a large percentage of newimmigrants from the former Soviet Union.[5]
According to the official division by the Haifa municipality,[5] Hadar HaCarmel consists of four sub-districts: Hadar West, Hadar East, Central Hadar and Upper Hadar. Hadar West's population is about 62% Arab, there are also a significant number of wealthyChristian Arabs in Abbas neighbourhood in the Hadar West.[6] TheBaháʼí Faith'sShrine of the Báb andUniversal House of Justice are located in this sub-district, where nearby many Baháʼís from around the world reside. Upper Hadar, where theBnai Zion Medical Center is located, is a very heterogeneous community. Central Hadar contains many of Haifa's architectural, cultural and historical landmarks includingHaifa Theater, Madatech - the National Science Museum, Binyamin Park and Talpiot Market; today, its population is largelyRussian-speaking, making it Haifa's most distinct Russian immigrant neighbourhood, Central Hadar contains also a significant number of Arabs (Muslims and Christians) in H'aneviim, Herzliya neighborhoods and Masada Street.[7] Hadar East is divided into three smaller neighborhoods - Geula, Ramat Viznitz and Yalag, the two former today being largelyHaredi and the latter predominantlyArab andRussian.
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