Hachiōji 八王子市 | |
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 View of top left, Downtown Hachioji, Komiya Park, Naganuma Park, Mount Takao, stone fence and bridge in Hachioji Castle site, Yakuoin in Mount Takao, Hachioji Ramen, Hachioji Traditional Festival on August | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location of Hachiōji in Tokyo | |
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  Hachiōji | |
| Coordinates:35°39′59.2″N139°18′57.6″E / 35.666444°N 139.316000°E /35.666444; 139.316000 | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kantō |
| Prefecture | Tokyo |
| First official recorded | 3rd century AD (official) |
| Town settled | April 1, 1889 |
| City settled | September 1, 1917 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Kazuo Shiyake [jp](Since January 2024) |
| Area | |
• Total | 186.38 km2 (71.96 sq mi) |
| Population (March 2021) | |
• Total | 561,344 |
| • Density | 3,011.8/km2 (7,800.6/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
| Phone number | 042-626-3111 |
| Address | 3-24-1 Motohongo-cho, Hachiōji-shi, Tokyo 192-8501 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | Official website |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Blue-and-white flycatcher |
| Flower | Lilium auratum |
| Tree | Ginkgo biloba |
Hachiōji (八王子市,Hachiōji-shi) is acity located in thewestern portion of theTokyo Metropolis,Japan. As of 31 March 2021[update], the city had an estimatedpopulation of 561,344, and apopulation density of 3,000 persons per km2.[1] The total area of the city is 186.38 km2 (71.96 sq mi). It is the most populous city in Tokyo outside of thespecial wards.In 2015, it was designated as a core city for the first time in Tokyo. It was the second city in Tokyo Prefecture (present-day Tokyo) to implement the municipal system after Tokyo City (present-day Tokyo's 23 wards).
Hachiōji is located in the foothills of the Okutama Mountains of western Tokyo, about 40 kilometers west of the center of the 23special wards of Tokyo. The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains, forming the Hachioji Basin which opens up toward the east in the direction of Tokyo. The mountain ranges in the southwest includeMount Takao (599 m) andMount Jinba (857 m), two popular hiking destinations which can be reached by train and bus, respectively.
Hachiōji has ahumid subtropical climate (KöppenCfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Hachiōji is 13.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1998 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.3 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.4 °C.[2]
| Climate data for Hachioji (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1976−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.9 (67.8) | 24.0 (75.2) | 26.6 (79.9) | 32.2 (90.0) | 37.1 (98.8) | 36.0 (96.8) | 39.3 (102.7) | 39.3 (102.7) | 39.2 (102.6) | 32.7 (90.9) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.0 (78.8) | 39.3 (102.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.3 (48.7) | 10.3 (50.5) | 13.7 (56.7) | 19.1 (66.4) | 23.6 (74.5) | 26.0 (78.8) | 30.1 (86.2) | 31.4 (88.5) | 27.1 (80.8) | 21.5 (70.7) | 16.4 (61.5) | 11.7 (53.1) | 20.0 (68.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.4 (38.1) | 4.5 (40.1) | 8.0 (46.4) | 13.3 (55.9) | 18.1 (64.6) | 21.4 (70.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 26.4 (79.5) | 22.6 (72.7) | 16.9 (62.4) | 11.1 (52.0) | 5.9 (42.6) | 14.7 (58.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.8 (28.8) | −0.9 (30.4) | 2.7 (36.9) | 7.7 (45.9) | 12.9 (55.2) | 17.4 (63.3) | 21.5 (70.7) | 22.4 (72.3) | 18.8 (65.8) | 13.0 (55.4) | 6.4 (43.5) | 0.8 (33.4) | 10.1 (50.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) | −8.8 (16.2) | −8.1 (17.4) | −2.0 (28.4) | 2.6 (36.7) | 10.0 (50.0) | 13.3 (55.9) | 15.4 (59.7) | 7.9 (46.2) | 2.4 (36.3) | −2.3 (27.9) | −7.6 (18.3) | −8.8 (16.2) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 54.1 (2.13) | 46.1 (1.81) | 102.9 (4.05) | 114.1 (4.49) | 124.7 (4.91) | 172.0 (6.77) | 188.3 (7.41) | 212.5 (8.37) | 264.4 (10.41) | 230.8 (9.09) | 80.1 (3.15) | 53.1 (2.09) | 1,643 (64.69) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 4.5 | 4.9 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 10.4 | 12.2 | 10.5 | 7.2 | 4.9 | 108.2 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 201.1 | 179.7 | 174.9 | 179.3 | 176.0 | 119.7 | 145.1 | 177.3 | 128.0 | 132.4 | 157.0 | 184.2 | 1,954.5 |
| Source:JMA[3][4] | |||||||||||||
Per Japanese census data,[5] the population of Hachiōji has recently plateaued after nine decades of strong growth.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 78,705 | — |
| 1930 | 95,389 | +21.2% |
| 1940 | 111,028 | +16.4% |
| 1950 | 131,470 | +18.4% |
| 1960 | 164,622 | +25.2% |
| 1970 | 253,407 | +53.9% |
| 1980 | 387,178 | +52.8% |
| 1990 | 466,347 | +20.4% |
| 2000 | 536,046 | +14.9% |
| 2010 | 580,053 | +8.2% |
| 2020 | 579,355 | −0.1% |
The area of present-day Hachiōji was part of ancientMusashi Province. It has been an important junction point andpost town along theKōshū Kaidō, the main road that connected the historicalEdo (today's Tokyo) with western Japan.Hachiōji Castle was built during theSengoku period in 1584 byHōjō Ujiteru, but was destroyed in 1590 byToyotomi Hideyoshi. During theEdo period, the area wastenryō controlled directly by theTokugawa shogunate. In the post-Meiji Restoration cadastral reform of July 22, 1878, the area became part ofMinamitama District inKanagawa Prefecture. The town of Hachiōji was created on April 1, 1889, with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Minaitama District was transferred to the administrative control of Tokyo Metropolis on April 1, 1893. Hachiōji gained city status on September 1, 1917.
During the1964 Summer Olympics, the city was host to thecycling events. TheHachioji Velodrome was used for the events.[6]
Hachiōji became aCore city on April 1, 2015 with increased local autonomy.
Hachiōji has amayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and aunicameral city council of 40 members, whose members are elected for a four-year term. Hachiōji contributes five members to the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between theTokyo 21st district andTokyo 24th district of thelower house of theDiet of Japan.
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During theMeiji period, Hachiōji prospered as an important location for the production of silk and silk textiles. The industry faded away, however, in the 1960s. Today, Hachiōji mainly serves as acommuter town for people working in Tokyo, and as a location for many large colleges and universities.
TheTokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education operates nine public high schools, and the Hachioji School for the Blind. There are also eleven private high schools.
Metropolitan high schools:
Hachiōji has 70 public elementary schools and 37 public junior high schools operated by the city government, as well as four public combined elementary/junior high schools.
Combined public elementary and junior high schools:[7]
Municipal junior high schools:[7]
Municipal elementary schools:[7]
Former:
Keio Corporation -Keiō Takao Line
Keio Corporation -Sagamihara Line
Tokyo Tama Intercity Monorail -Tama Toshi Monorail Line
Kaohsiung, Taiwan, friendship city since November 1, 2006[8]
Siheung,Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, friendship city since November 7, 2006[8]
Tai'an,Shandong, People's Republic of China, friendship city since September 23, 2006[8]Hachioji stretches over a large area, combining such diverse parts as the densely populated city center and its shopping district with the hardly populated rural areas in the west.
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