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| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMSPerseus |
| Namesake | Perseus |
| Builder | Vickers-Armstrongs,Barrow in Furness |
| Laid down | 2 July 1928 |
| Launched | 22 May 1929 |
| Commissioned | 15 April 1930 |
| Identification | Pennant number: N36 |
| Fate | Sunk bymine 6 December 1941 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type | Parthian-classsubmarine |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 260 ft (79 m) |
| Beam | 28 ft (8.5 m) |
| Draught | 13 ft 8 in (4.17 m) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Range | 8,500 nmi (15,700 km) at 10 kn (12 mph; 19 km/h) |
| Complement | 59 |
| Armament |
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HMSPerseus was a BritishParthian-classsubmarine built in 1929 and lost in 1941 during theSecond World War. This class were the first to be fitted withMark VIII torpedoes.
At the start of the war she was operating under the command ofCommander Peter Bartlett on theChina Station as part of the 4th Submarine Flotilla, together with the other members of her class. This continued until August 1940 when they were reassigned to theMediterranean, where part of their duties were the ferrying of supplies between Alexandria and the besieged island ofMalta.Perseus underwent a refit at Malta from October until April 1941.
Attached to the 1st Submarine Flotilla based inAlexandria, and under the command of Lieutenant-Commander Edward Christian Frederick Nicolay DSO RN (seeNicolay (family)), she sank the 3,867-ton Italian tankerMaya 5 nautical miles (9 km) south ofTenedos on 5 September 1941, and on 2 October, the 2,086-ton merchant shipCastellon west ofBenghazi. It was as a result of these actions that Commander Nicolay was awarded theDistinguished Service Order.
Perseus sailed from Malta for Alexandria on 26 November 1941 with instructions to patrol waters to the east of Greece during her passage. She apparently torpedoed a ship on 3 December, but at 10 pm on 6 December she struck an Italianmine offCephalonia, 7 miles (11 km) north ofZakynthos in theIonian Sea.
Of the 61 on board, the only survivor was 31-year-oldleading stoker John Capes, one of two non-crew members who were hitching a lift to Alexandria. He and three others escaped from the submarine using theTwill Trunk escape hatch in the engine room and wearingDavis Submerged Escape Apparatus.[1] However, only he survived the journey to the surface and the five-mile (8 km) swim to the island of Cephalonia, where he was hidden by islanders for 18 months before being smuggled in acaïque toİzmir in Türkiye.[2] He was subsequently awarded aBritish Empire Medal.
The wreck, at 52 metres (171 ft) below the surface, was discovered and surveyed in 1997 by a dive team led by Kostas Thoctarides.
ThePerseus lies on the seabed with a starboard list. The only significant damage to the vessel is a crack on the port side near the bow, caused by the collision with the mine. The rest of the hull is in good condition. Her gun, her steering wheel, and everything else is in place. Her compasses, which are still working, show her last course. The escape hatch of the stern compartment is open.
Divers found the anchor of an Italian mine close toPerseus; which would appear to have been the cause of her sinking. British authorities had assumed that this was the case, but it had never been confirmed.
On 19 and 20 May 2000, memorial ceremonies were held in Cephalonia in honour of thePerseus' crew. They were attended by relatives of the deceased (including John Capes' daughter), members of the Submarine Old Comrade's Association, locals who hid Capes, and a member of the caique crew who transported Capes to İzmir (amongst others).[3][4]
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