 The Crews of HMS Hecla & Griper Cutting into Winter Harbour, Sept. 26th, 1819, from the 1821 journal of the Arctic expedition | |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMSGriper |
| Ordered | 2 November 1812 |
| Builder | Richards & Davidson,Hythe, Hampshire |
| Launched | 14 July 1813 |
| Fate | Broken up November 1868 |
| General characteristics[1] | |
| Class & type | Bold-classgun-brig |
| Tons burthen | 18160⁄94bm |
| Length |
|
| Beam | 22 ft 1 in (6.73 m) |
| Depth of hold | 11 ft0+1⁄4 in (3.359 m) |
| Sail plan | Brig |
| Complement | 60 |
| Armament | 10 × 18-poundercarronades + 2 × 6-pounderbow chasers |
HMSGriper was aBold-classgun-brig of the BritishRoyal Navy, built in 1813 by Mark Williams and John Davidson atHythe.[a] She participated in the 1819 expedition to the Arctic led byWilliam Parry, made a voyage to Greenland and Norway in 1823, and took part in Parry's third expedition in 1824 as a support ship. Her crew in 1819, 1823, or 1824, qualified for the "Arctic Medal", which the Admiralty issued in 1857.[2] She was eventually broken up in 1868.
Griper was commissioned in July 1813 under Commander Charles Mitchell. In February 1814 Commander Arthur M'Meekan replaced Mitchell. In 1817,Griper was at Chatham. She then underwent fitting as an exploration ship at Portsmouth between December 1818 and May 1819.[1]
Lieutenant Matthew Liddon recommissionedGriper in January 1819.[1] She then sailed withWilliam Edward Parry from London on 11 May 1819.[3] Parry commanded two 3-masted sailing ships: the 375 tonHMSHecla and the 182 tonGriper. Their destination was theNorthwest Passage.
Griper was by far the inferior of the two ships, being described as "one of these paltry Gunbrigs.....utterly unfit for this service!" (A.Parry;Parry of the Arctic ). Their departure had previously been delayed asGriper's condition was described as being "so crank as to cause apprehensions to be entertained for the safety of the officers and crew".[4] She was so slow that she had to be towed by theHecla part of the way across theAtlantic. However, they successfully traveled further West along theNorthwest Passage than any European had previously achieved. After wintering atMelville Island[3] they returned to London in November 1820, andGriper was paid off in December.[1]
Griper was refitted at Deptford between February and May 1823. Under the command ofCaptain Douglas Clavering, she conducted a voyage toGreenland andSpitzbergen, conveying astronomerEdward Sabine who took observations on behalf of theBoard of Longitude.[5] A further note to this voyage occurred on an island later namedClavering Island, where, in August, the expedition made the first and only European contact with the now extinct North GreenlandInuit.[6]
Between January and June 1824,Griper was refitted for Parry's third Northwest Passage expedition. She was commissioned under Captain George Lyon and on 16 June 1824 she sailed forHudson Bay,[1] andWager Bay in support ofHecla andFury.Gripper departed on 3 July 1824,[7] and proceeded in company with the survey vesselSnap. On this occasion, she was carrying a land component of men.[8]
On 19 October 1824, Lyon encountered whalerAchilles, under the command of Captain Valentine. Valentine informed Lyon of the ice conditions and weather, which had resulted in a weak whaling season (Achilles had taken only two whales), and blocked much of Hudson's Strait.Achilles was homeward bound so Lyon sent duplicate dispatches with her.[9]
Griper returned to London and was paid off in December 1824.[1]
Griper was fitted for the Coast Blockade service at Portsmouth between August and December 1825. She then joined the Coast Guard at Blackwall.[1] She later also served at Sussex.
Griper was at Portsmouth between 1827 and 1830, and at Chichester between 1831 and 1860. She served as a target for gunnery experiments in Portsmouth in 1856, and was used to test armour plate in 1862. She was broken up in November 1868.[10]
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