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HMSAndromeda (F57) in 1972
History
United Kingdom
Name	HMSAndromeda
Builder	HMNB Portsmouth
Laid down	25 May 1966
Launched	24 May 1967
Sponsored by	Mrs G Reynolds
Commissioned	2 December 1968
Decommissioned	June 1993
Identification	Pennant number: 57
Nickname(s)	"Heinz Variety"[1]
Fate	Sold to India, 1995
India
Name	INSKrishna
Namesake	Krishna River
Commissioned	22 August 1995
Decommissioned	24 May 2012
Identification	Pennant number: F46[2]
Fate	Sunk as a target, 2012
General characteristics
Class & type	Leander-classfrigate
Displacement	3,200long tons (3,251 t) full load
Length	113.4 m (372 ft)
Beam	12.5 m (41 ft)
Draught	5.8 m (19 ft)
Propulsion	2 ×Babcock & Wilcox boilers supplying steam to two sets of White-English Electric double-reduction geared turbines to two shafts
Speed	28 knots (52 km/h)
Range	4,600 nautical miles (8,500 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h)
Complement	223
Armament	As built: 1 × twin4.5 inch (114 mm) guns 1 × quadrupleSea Cat anti-aircraft missile launchers 1 ×Limbo anti-submarine mortar From 1980: 4 ×Exocet anti-ship missile launchers 1 × GWS 25 Sea Wolf anti-aircraft missile launcher 2 × single40 mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns 2 × triple torpedo tubes
Aircraft carried	1 ×Westland Wasp helicopter From 1980: 1 ×Lynx helicopter

HMSAndromeda was aLeander-classfrigate of theRoyal Navy. She was built atHM Dockyard Portsmouth. She was launched on 24 May 1967 and commissioned into the Royal Navy on 2 December 1968. She took part in theFalklands War. She was sold to India in 1995, for use as a training ship, being renamedINSKrishna. She was finally decommissioned in May 2012.

Andromeda was one of threeLeander-class frigates ordered on 12 January 1965, the other two beingHermione andJupiter.^[3] She waslaid down atHMNB Portsmouth on 25 May 1966,^[4][5][6]launched on 24 May 1967 andcommissioned on 2 December 1968 with thePennant numberF57.^[7]

Andromeda was a Batch 3, "Broad-Beamed"Leander, and as such was 372 feet (113.4 m) longoverall and 360 feet (109.7 m)at the waterline, with abeam of 43 feet (13.1 m) and a maximumdraught of 19 feet (5.8 m).Displacement was 2,500 long tons (2,500 t) standard and 2,962 long tons (3,010 t) full load. Two oil-fired boilers fed steam at 550 pounds per square inch (3,800 kPa) and 850 °F (454 °C) to a pair of double reduction gearedsteam turbines that in turn drove two propeller shafts, with the machinery rated at 30,000 shaft horsepower (22,000 kW), giving a speed of 28 knots (52 km/h; 32 mph).^[8]

A twin4.5-inch (113 mm) Mark 6 gun mount was fitted forward. A singleSea Catsurface-to-air missile launcher was fitted aft (on the Helicopter hangar roof), while twoOerlikon 20mm cannon provided close-in defence. ALimbo anti-submarine mortar was fitted aft to provide a short-range anti-submarine capability, while a hangar and helicopter deck allowed a singleWestland Wasp helicopter to be operated, for longer range anti-submarine and anti-surface operations.^[9][10]

As built,Andromeda was fitted with a large Type 965 long range air searchradar on the ship's mainmast, with a Type 993 short range air/surface target indicating radar and Type 978 navigation radar carried on the ship's foremast. An MRS3 fire control system was carried to direct the 4.5-inch guns.^[11] The ship had asonar suite of Type 184 medium range search sonar, Type 162 bottom search and Type 170 attack sonar, together with a Type 199variable depth sonar (VDS).^[12][13][a]

Between 1977 and 1980,Andromeda underwent a major reconstruction, in which the ship's armament and sensors were greatly revised. The 4.5 inch gun turret, Sea Cat launcher and Limbo anti submarine mortar were removed, with a sextupleSea Wolf surface-to-air missile launcher and fourExocet missiles fitted forward. Two triple STWS-1 324-millimetre (12.8 in) torpedo tubes allowed anti-submarine torpedoes to be launched, while the ship's hangar and flight deck was enlarged to allow aWestland Lynx helicopter to be carried instead of the smaller Wasp. A completely new radar outfit was fitted, with a Type 967 air-search radar and a Type 968 low-level air warning and surface search radar fitted back to back on the ship's foremast, and with a Type 1006 navigation radar fitted lower down on the ship's foremast. A Type 2016 long-range search sonar replaced the Type 184 sonar, while the Type 162 bottom search sonar was retained.^[15][16] Displacement increased to 2,790 long tons (2,830 t) standard and 3,300 long tons (3,400 t) full load,^[8] while speed dropped to 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph).^[17]

In 1969,Andromeda was deployed to the Persian Gulf and Far East as leader of the 2nd Destroyer Flotilla, taking part in theBeira Patrol, a deployment that was used to prevent oil reachingRhodesia viaMozambique. On 1 June 1970, theRoyal Fleet Auxiliary tankerRFA Ennerdale, on her way to refuelAndromeda, struck an uncharted pinnacle of rock off theSeychelles, and sank.Andromeda was the first ship on the scene of the accident, and helped to rescue the crew ofEnnerdale, the wreck of which was later destroyed by explosives.^{[18][19][20][21]} Later that year,Andromeda returned to European waters.^[19] On 23 October 1970, the Liberian-flagged tankerPacific Glory collided with the tankerAllegro off theIsle of Wight and caught fire with 13 killed aboardPacific Glory. The blazingPacific Glory ran aground on 24 October, andAndromeda took part in the large scale clean up operation.^[19][21][22] On 9 October 1970,Andromeda and her helicopter went to the aid of the tug RMASSamsonia which had suffered a mechanical breakdown when towing the landing shipStalker in bad weather through thePentland Firth.^[19][23] In 1971 she was present at Portsmouth Navy Days.^[24] In August 1971 she joined the 6th Frigate Squadron as leader.^[25]

In 1973,Andromeda took part in the Second Cod War, patrolling to intervene in case of interference on British fishing by Icelandic vessels. On 11 August 1973,Andromeda was rammed by the Icelandic gunboatÓðinn.^[19] The following year,Andromeda had to evacuate British civilians from the Mediterranean island ofCyprus afterTurkey had invaded it.^[19] In 1975, during theThird Cod War, the Icelandic gunboatTýr rammedAndromeda on 28 December, damaging her guardrail and achaff launcher. On 7 January 1976,Andromeda was involved in another ramming, this time with the gunboatÞór. Both warships were damaged, withAndromeda receiving a 12 feet (3.7 m) dent as a result of this collision, and had to return toDevonport for repairs.^[19][26][27]

In 1977,Andromeda took part in the Fleet Review of the Royal Navy, during theSilver Jubilee celebrations forQueen Elizabeth II.^[28] Between November 1977 and December 1980,Andromeda underwent modernisation, including the addition of Exocet and Sea Wolf missiles at Devonport dockyard.^[19]Andromeda took part in theFalklands War in 1982, returning to the United Kingdom from a deployment in the Western Atlantic in April 1982, before sailing for the South Atlantic as part of the 'Bristol Group', entering theTotal Exclusion Zone on 25 May. She mainly acted as a close-escort for the aircraft carrierInvincible, receiving no damage during the war. After visitingSouth Georgia in August, she sailed for home, reaching Devonport on 10 September.^[19][29][30]

In the subsequent years of the 1980s,Andromeda performed a number of varied duties, patrolling thePersian Gulf onArmilla Patrol, and deployments to the Falklands andWest Indies. In late summer of 1984,Andromeda docked atBaltimore Harbor in the US for 10 days, on her way from the Falklands back home to England.Armilla deployment 1983. Ports visited included Djibouti, Cochin, Singapore, Mombasa, Mauritius, Reunion and the MaldivesFalklands 1984Armilla deployment 1985. Ports visited included Muscat, Seychelles Sharjah, Mombasa and Gibraltar.

Between 1990 and 1991,Andromeda underwent a refit. She was decommissioned two-years later.Andromeda was sold to theIndian Navy in 1995, where she was commissioned as the training ship, INSKrishna. Her armament had been reduced to twoBofors 40 mm guns and twoOerlikon 20 mm cannons.

Krishna was decommissioned on 24 May 2012 at Mumbai, 44 years to the day after her launch.^[31] The ship was sunk in the Bay of Bengal for target practice by Indian Navy ships.^[32]

Wikimedia Commons has media related toHMS Andromeda (F57).

• Blackman, Raymond V. B., ed. (1971).Jane's Fighting Ships 1971–72. London: Sampson Low Marston & Co., Ltd.ISBN 0-354-00096-9.
• Burden, Rodney A.; Draper, Michael I.; Rough, Douglas A.; Smith, Colin R.; Wilton, David (1986).Falklands: The Air War. British Aviation Research Group.ISBN 0-906339-05-7.
• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969].Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of All Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy from the 15th Century to the Present (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing.ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.OCLC 67375475.
• Critchley, Mike (1992).British Warships Since 1945: Part 5: Frigates. Liskeard, UK: Maritime Press.ISBN 0-907771-13-0.
• Friedman, Norman (2008).British Destroyers & Frigates: The Second World War and After. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing.ISBN 978-1-84832-015-4.
• Marriott, Leo (1983).Royal Navy Frigates 1945–1983. Shepperton, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan Ltd.ISBN 0-7110-1322-5.
• Osborne, Richard; Sowdon, David (1990).Leander Class Frigates. Kendal, UK: World Ships Society.ISBN 0-905617-56-8.
• Prézelin, Bernard; A.D. Baker III, eds. (1990).The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 1990/1991. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press.ISBN 0-87021-250-8.

• Leander-class frigates
• Frigates of India
• Ships of the Fishery Protection Squadron of the United Kingdom
• Falklands War naval ships of the United Kingdom
• 1967 ships
• Ships built in Portsmouth
• Ships sunk as targets

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