 HMCSStormont | |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Canada | |
| Name | Stormont |
| Namesake | Stormont, Ontario |
| Ordered | October 1941 |
| Builder | Canadian Vickers,Montreal |
| Yard number | 167 |
| Laid down | 23 December 1942 |
| Launched | 14 July 1943 |
| Commissioned | 27 November 1943 |
| Decommissioned | 9 November 1945 |
| Identification | Pennant number: K327 |
| Honours & awards | Arctic 1944, Atlantic 1944–45, English Channel 1944, Normandy 1944[1] |
| Fate | Sold toAristotle Onassis as yachtChristina |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type | River-class frigate |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | |
| Beam | 36.5 ft (11.13 m) |
| Draught | 9 ft (2.74 m); 13 ft (3.96 m) (deep load) |
| Propulsion | 2 × Admiralty 3-drum boilers, 2 shafts,reciprocating vertical triple expansion, 5,500 ihp (4,100 kW) |
| Speed |
|
| Range | 646 long tons (656 t; 724 short tons) oil fuel; 7,500 nautical miles (13,890 km) at 15 knots (27.8 km/h) |
| Complement | 157 |
| Armament |
|
HMCSStormont is a formerRiver-class frigate that served in theRoyal Canadian Navy during theSecond World War. She fought primarily in theBattle of the Atlantic, but saw service in theArctic Ocean. She was named forStormont, Ontario. After the war she was turned into the luxury yachtChristina byGreek billionaireAristotle Onassis. She continues to sail.
Stormont was ordered October 1941 as part of the 1942–1943 River-class building program.[2][3] She was laid down on 23 December 1942 byCanadian Vickers Ltd. atMontreal and launched 14 July 1943.[3] She was commissioned into the RCN atQuebec City on 27 November 1943 with the pennant K327.[2]
The River-class frigate was designed by William Reed of Smith's Dock Company of South Bank-on-Tees. Originally called a "twin-screw corvette", its purpose was to improve on the convoy escort classes in service with theRoyal Navy at the time, including theFlower-class corvette. The first orders were placed by the Royal Navy in 1940 and the vessels were named for rivers in theUnited Kingdom, giving name to the class. In Canada they were named after towns and cities though they kept the same designation.[4] The name "frigate" was suggested by Vice-AdmiralPercy Nelles of the Royal Canadian Navy and was adopted later that year.[5]
Improvements over the corvette design included improved accommodation which was markedly better. The twin engines gave only three more knots of speed but extended the range of the ship to nearly double that of a corvette at 7,200 nautical miles (13,300 km) at 12 knots.[5] Among other lessons applied to the design was an armament package better designed to combatU-boats including a twin 4-inch mount forward and 12-pounder aft.[4] 15 Canadian frigates were initially fitted with a single 4-inch gun forward but with the exception ofHMCS Valleyfield, they were all eventually upgraded to the double mount.[5] For underwater targets, the River-class frigate was equipped with aHedgehog anti-submarine mortar and depth charge rails aft and four side-mounted throwers.[4]
River-class frigates were the first Royal Canadian Navy warships to carry the 147B Sword horizontal fan echo sonar transmitter in addition to the irregular ASDIC. This allowed the ship to maintain contact with targets even while firing unless a target was struck. Improved radar and direction-finding equipment improved the RCN's ability to find and track enemy submarines over the previous classes.[4]
Canada originally ordered the construction of 33 frigates in October 1941.[4][5] The design was too big for the shipyards on theGreat Lakes so all the frigates built in Canada were built in dockyards along the west coast or along theSt. Lawrence River.[5] In all Canada ordered the construction of 60 frigates including ten for the Royal Navy that transferred two to theUnited States Navy.[4]
Stormont joined the RCN's Atlantic Fleet atHalifax, Nova Scotia under command of George Myra, an experienced pre-war merchant captain who had served as the alternate captain of the famous schoonerBluenose.[6] After training atSt. Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia, she was assigned to escort group EG 9 out ofDerry in March 1944. She served as one of 57 RCN vessels to supportOperation Neptune, the amphibious invasion ofNormandy,France that were part ofD-Day (Operation Overlord) in June 1944.[2][6]
In July 1944, she towed the damagedHMCS Matane (K444) toPlymouth after theMatane had been struck by a glider bomb.[2] In October 1944 she escorted a convoy toGibraltar and in December, convoys on theMurmansk run to theKola Inlet.[2][6] During this period,Stormont spent a record 63 days at sea, the longest active period of any frigate during the war.[7] She returned to Canada in early 1945 to begin a tropicalization refit atShelburne, Nova Scotia in preparation for service in thePacific Ocean. The refit, which was begun in June 1945, was cancelled on 20 August, due to the surrender ofJapan.[2] She was decommissioned by the RCN on 9 November 1945 and placed in reserve.[2][3]
Originally sold in 1947 for conversion to a merchant ship,Stormont was re-sold toGreek shipping magnateAristotle Onassis in 1951. She underwent a four million dollar rebuild as the luxury yachtChristina, named after his daughterChristina Onassis.[8] She was sent toKiel, Germany for the rebuild.[6]Christina was fitted with a full-sized swimming pool, a spiral staircase and 19 lavish staterooms.[7] It became a popular destination for celebrities and was the site of the wedding reception ofRainier III, Prince of Monaco and the actress,Grace Kelly.[8]
After Aristotle Onassis' death in 1975, his daughter Christina inherited the vessel, and donated it to the Greek government in 1978 to serve as a presidential yacht. As such, she was rechristenedArgo and was, over time, allowed to decay and deteriorate. In 1998, she was purchased by another Greek shipowner,John Paul Papanicolaou, who restored her and renamed her intoChristina O.[2] As of August 2024, she was still in operation.[8]
