| Norwegian Høgnorsk | |
|---|---|
| Høgnorsk / Landsmål | |
| Region | Norway |
| Era | 19th century to present |
Early forms | |
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | no |
| ISO 639-2 | nor |
| ISO 639-3 | nor |
| Glottolog | None |
| IETF | nn-hognorsk |
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Høgnorsk (Norwegian pronunciation:[ˈhø̂ːɡnɔʁsk,ˈhø̂ːɡnɔʂk];[1] meaningHigh Norwegian) is a term for varieties of theNorwegian language fromNynorsk that reject most of the official reforms that have been introduced since the creation ofLandsmål. Høgnorsk typically accepts the initial reforms that, among other things, removed certain silent letters ofetymological origin, while keeping most of theLandsmål grammar intact.
Torleiv Hannaas is often credited for introducing the termHøgnorsk in an article in 1922.[2] He used it analogously toHigh German (Hochdeutsch),[3] pointing out thatIvar Aasen, the creator ofNynorsk orthography, had especially valued the dialects of the mountainous areas of middle and western Norway, as opposed to the dialects of the lowlands of eastern Norway, which Hannaas calledflatnorsk (Flat Norwegian, likePlattdeutsch).
The written High Norwegian language is a tradition originating from the first version of the New Norwegian written language (then calledLandsmål), as it was built by Ivar Aasen and later used by classical New Norwegian authors asAasmund Olavsson Vinje,Arne Garborg,Olav Nygard andOlav H. Hauge.[4]
TheHøgnorsk movement grew out of opposition to the officialSamnorsk policy which aimed at leveling out the differences betweenNynorsk and the other main variety of Norwegian language,Bokmål. Reforms to this end were carried through in 1938 and 1959. Initially there was considerableresistance to these reforms, but the resulting standard is now widely accepted.Høgnorsk is currently supported byIvar Aasen-sambandet and the activists behind Målmannen, but has relatively few active users.
The basis for the High Norwegian language direction is a wish to preserve the New Norwegian written language as an independent language, free of the strong influence fromBokmål that today'sNynorsk has.
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