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Both families containellagic acid.Phloem cells contain a large number ofplastids and the leaves have dented borders.
The plants aredioecious and possess small flowers withoutperianth, and thestigma is, at least weakly,secretory. Gunnerales characters shared with the core eudicots arecyanogenesis viaphenylalanine, metabolic pathways ofisoleucine orvaline, presence of the DNA sequence of PI-dB motif, and is common to have a small deletion in the sequence of 18Sribosomal DNA. The characters which it shares with the core eudicots, and also withBuxales andTrochodendrales, are an absence ofbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids,euAP3 +TM6 genes (gene duplicationpaleoAP3: Class B), and a loss of themitochondrial generps2.
The Gunneraceae are a mesophilic herb (often oversized), and the hydathodes are well developed and secrete mucilage or perhaps a resinous coating.
The Myrothamnaceae are a reviviscent shrub of arid habitats, and the hydathodes are poorly developed and secrete plant resin.
Both have flowers without perianth, but the details of pollen (e.g. Zavada and Dilcher see 1986 10, Wanntorp et al. 2004th 2004b 11 and 12) differ. In Wilkinson 2000 13 is a table of differences.
