Guildism Gremialismo
Founder	Jaime Guzmán
Think tank	Fundación Jaime Guzmán
Ideology	Catholic social teaching[1] Liberal conservatism Chilean nationalism[2] Chileanneo-conservatism[3] Catholicnationalism Anti-traditionalism Authoritarianism[4] Carlism(inspired)[5] Anti-communism[6] Anti-corporatism[7] Corporatism(elements)[8][9] Capitalism[10] Michael Novak'sDemocratic capitalism[11] Neoliberalism[12][13][14] Economic liberalism[15][16][17] Anti-Economic interventionism[18] Anti-strong Statism[19] Pro-free markets[20] Anti-social wefare generated by the state[21] Economic liberalization[22] Pro-Chicago School of Economics[23]
Political position	Right-wing[24][25] tofar-right[26][27][28][29]
Religion	Christianity (Catholicism)
National affiliation	Independent Democratic Union Nuevas Generaciones UDI Movimiento Gremial de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Historical: Frente Juvenil de Unidad Nacional Student Council of the Frente Juvenil de Unidad Nacional Youth Front of Lawyers of the Frente Juvenil de Unidad Nacional Secretaría Nacional de la Juventud Cooperativa La Familia
Politics of Chile Political parties Elections

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Gremialismo, orguildism, is aright-wing tofar-right social, political, and economic ideology, inspired byCatholic social teachings that claims that every correct social order should base itself in intermediary societies between persons and the state, which are created and managed in freedom, and that the order should serve only the purposes for which they were created.^[30]

InChile, gremialismo was the main doctrine of theliberal-conservative movement that emerged in the latter half of the 1960s, leading the opposition to theUniversity Reform at theCatholic University of Chile. As such, it stood against both the left and the center movements. Gremialismo was influenced by francoist-corporatism, even the economic views of it got rejected, they favored it's cultural views. Besides cultural similarities tointegralism or evenfalangism, gremialismo rejectscorporatism and otherleft economic systems and supportscapitalism^[31] Gremialismo advocates for thesocial doctrine of the church,neo-conservatism,chilean nationalism andanti-communism.^[32]

The principal thinker of gremialismo wasJaime Guzmán, a lawyer and professor who later served as an advisor to Chilean dictatorAugusto Pinochet.^[33]

There has been ongoing debate over whether gremialismo thought was influenced byJuan Vázquez de Mella as well (Even if Mella wasn't a capitalist).^[34]

The gremialist Javier Leturia wrote about the origins of the movement:^[35]

We [the gremialistas] were orderly, we were those that were nothippie, those that were not left-wing, those that were notpotheads. I would say that the people were participative. That is why formerschool union leaders and people from school unions, thescouts, and religious movements were picked up. We openly supported thecoup. We published a manifesto in the newspaper that read: "Towards a new institutionality through the renounce of Allende." [...] What we said was that the crisis was insurmountable and that the only solution was to have the armed forces take charge. We drafted that manifesto as university students, and it was signed by student unions from theCatholic universities of Santiago and Valparaíso, which were headed by gremialists. I would say that from the moment Allende was elected, many began to support a coup. I mean that we were not going to accept for this country to fall into communism.

One of the first measures of themilitary dictatorship of Chile that came to power though the1973 coup d'etat was to set up the Secretaría Nacional de la Juventud (SNJ, National Youth Office), which was done on October 28, 1973, even before the Declaration of Principles of the junta made in March 1974. It was a way of mobilizing sympathetic elements of the civil society in support for the dictatorship. The SNJ was created by the advice ofJaime Guzmán and was an example of the dictatorship adopting gremialism.^[35] Some right-wing student union leaders likeAndrés Allamand were skeptical to the attempts as they were moulded from above and gathered disparate figures such asMiguel Kast,Antonio Vodanovic and Jaime Guzmán. Allamand and other young right-wingers also resented the dominance of gremialism in the SNJ since they considered it to be a closed gremialist club.^[36]

From 1975 to 1980, the SNJ arrangeda series of ritualized acts incerro Chacarillas [es] reminiscent ofFrancoist Spain. The policy towards the sympathetic youth contrasted with the murder, surveillance, andforced disappearances that dissident youth faced from the regime. Most of the SJN's documents were reportedly destroyed by the dictatorship in 1988.^[35]

In the 1940s inArgentina, a movement emerged that reclaimed the role of intermediate social bodies, reconciling themedieval guilds with the modern structures ofcapitalism in the economy. A gremialismo obrero, patronal and intellectual developed. However later it was associated withperónism^[37],syndicalism^[38] andtrade unionism.^{[39][40][41][42][43][44][45]}

• Anti-communism in Chile
• Catholicism and politics
• Conservatism in Chile
• Neoliberalism
• Political ideologies
• Right-wing politics in Chile

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