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TheGerman Green Party (German:Bündnis 90/Die Grünen – following a 1993 merger with former East GermanAlliance 90) has been present in theGerman parliament (Bundestag) continuously since 29 March 1983 as a parliamentarian party. The status as afraktion was lost from 1990 to 1994, being demoted to aGruppe (group), after only the East German wing managed to pass the 5%election threshold in the December1990 German federal election. The party is mostly focused on environmental issues.
Scoring 5.6% in the federal parliamentary elections in 1983, theGreens entered theBundestag for the first time with a total of 28 seats. Faction members were rotated after two years in 1985 (with the exception ofPetra Kelly andGert Bastian), but the concept was abolished in May 1986 again. The executive board, elected by faction members on 3 April 1984, consisted ofAnnemarie Borgmann,Waltraud Schoppe,Antje Vollmer,Christa Nickels,Heidemarie Dann andErika Hickel.
The members of the faction were:
In the 1987 parliamentary elections, theGreen Party managed to increase its share of votes to 8.3%, gaining 44 parliament seats in the process. When theEast German parliament, theVolkskammer, which was freely elected on 18 March 1990 for the first time, was disbanded in the process of theGerman reunification, another 7 seats were added as 7 members of the 21-memberVolkskammer faction of the Green Party, elected by their peers, entered theBundestag.
The members of the faction were:
In 1990, elections were held separately in formerEast andWest Germany; in West Germany, theGreen Party did not manage to gain enough votes to enter parliament, only scoring 4.8% instead of the necessary 5%, but in East Germany, the Greens gained a 6.1% share of the votes and 8 seats in theBundestag. While a green presence in the 12th Bundestag was thus secured, the Greens could not form a faction, instead remaining a "group" (with less rights and a smaller budget).
The members of the faction were:
4 years later, in 1994, the Greens managed to recover from their losses again, achieving 7.3% and entering the parliament with 48 seats.Antje Vollmer, long-time member of the faction, was elected as first GreenVice President of the Bundestag with the help of theCDU faction.
The members of the faction included:
In 1998, theGreen Party suffered slight losses, dropping down to 6.7%, but still managed to gain 47 seats in a larger parliament. For the first time it was possible to form ared-green government coalition with the election-winningSPD.
The members of the faction were:
While the rulingSPD suffered substantial losses during the 2002 parliamentary elections and only barely managed to become the biggest faction in the Bundestag, theGreen Party gained 1.9 points compared to the 1998 elections, for a total of 8.6%, yielding 55 seats.
The members of the faction were:
The rulingSPD/Green Party suffered losses during the 2005 parliamentary elections leading to a Grand Coalition between theSPD and the CDU/CSU. TheGreen Party lost four seats to go from 55 to 51 and went into opposition with theFDP andthe Left Party.
The members of the faction were:
In 2021, the Green party elected the first two transgender members of the Bundestag.[1] As of 2025, there were 180,000 members in the country.[2]
