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Green Party Partido Verde | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | PV |
| President | José Luiz Penna |
| Founded | January 1986 |
| Headquarters | SDS Edifício Miguel Badya, 216 Brasília |
| Membership |  361,471[1] |
| Ideology | Green politics |
| Political position | Centre-left[2] |
| National affiliation | Brazil of Hope |
| Regional affiliation | Federation of the Green Parties of the Americas |
| International affiliation | Global Greens |
| Colors | Green |
| TSE Identification Number | 43 |
| Governorships | 0 / 27 |
| Federal Senate | 0 / 81 |
| Chamber of Deputies | 6 / 513 |
| State Assemblies | 28 / 1,024 |
| Mayors | 47 / 5,568 |
| City councillors | 805 / 56,810 |
| Election symbol | |
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| Party flag | |
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| Website | |
| www | |
TheGreen Party (Portuguese:Partido Verde, PV) is apolitical party in Brazil. It was constituted after themilitary dictatorship period when limitations on party development were lifted, and, like other green parties around the world, is committed to establishing a set of policies on ensuringsocial equity andsustainable development.[3] One of the party's founding members was the journalist and former anti-dictatorship revolutionaryFernando Gabeira (a federaldeputy between 1995 and 2011), along with Alfredo Sirkis and Carlos Minc.
Among the main items on PV'sagenda arefederalism,environmentalism,human rights, a form ofdirect democracy,parliamentarism,welfare,civil liberties,pacifism andmarijuana legalization under specific conditions.[4] That being said, their four main pillars are defined as ecological sustainability, grassroots democracy, social justice, and nonviolence.[5]
The party, however, argues to be in a position on the political spectrum that supposedly goes beyond the "left-right" paradigm, considered by its members to be anachronistic and unrealistic.[6]
The Green Party was established in January 1986. It was founded by environmentalists and other activists from social movements, taking as their most expressive leadersCarlos Minc (who soon returned to thePT), Fernando Gabeira,Alfredo Sirkis, Domingos Fernandes,José Luiz Penna, andSarney Filho.
After Lula's election as president ofBrazil in 2002, the Green Party was assigned theMinistry of Culture, to which pop singerGilberto Gil was appointed.
In the 2010 presidential election, the Green Party candidateMarina Silva gained 19.3% of the vote, thus contributing toDilma Rousseff's failure to gain 50% of the votes, making a run-off election necessary.[7]
In the 2014 presidential election PV candidate Eduardo Jorge, obtained 0,61% of votes, and the party elected 6 deputies and 1 senator. The party voted in favor of theimpeachment of Dilma Rousseff. The party later went to support president Michel Temer.
In May 2016 PV withdrew its support to Temer and went intocrossbench.
For theBrazilian general election of 2018 the party formed withSustainability Network the coalitionUnited to transform Brazil, in support of the candidacy ofMarina Silva.
In 2022, the party formed with theWorkers Party and theCommunist Party of Brazil to form the federationBrazil of Hope in preparation for the2022 Brazilian general election. Also in 2022, in the upcoming presidential elections, the party supported the pre-candidacy ofLula da Silva to form the coalitionLet's go together for Brazil.
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The party is not a major political force in the country, unlike some of its European counterparts (such asAlliance 90/The Greens in Germany). For a long time, its sole representative in Congress wasFernando Gabeira, elected byRio de Janeiro (1995–1998, 1999–2002; after a brief period in theWorkers' Party, Gabeira returned to PV in 2005). For twenty-eight months, beginning in 2003, the party formed the basis of support forLula's administration, breaking up in the second half of May 2005, after stating general dissatisfaction with the environmental policies of the government.Gilberto Gil, the formerMinister of Culture in Lula's government, is nonetheless a member of the party. The national President of the PV isJosé Luiz Penna, who succeeded the formerRepresentativeAlfredo Sirkis, a former ally ofCesar Maia. Another important name in the party isSarney Filho, who wasMinister of the Environment in theFernando Henrique Cardoso andMichel Temer administrations. The party also differs from its European counterparts in that, like other Brazilian political parties, it has low turnover in partisan positions and accumulation of power in the hands of relatively few people.
In 2007, the National Convention was held in Brasília – DF, marked by legal challenges and complaints about the misuse offederally-allocated party funds. Some critics of the administration of Penna in national PV were threatened with expulsion or expelled. TheSuperior Electoral Court suspended the party's funds in 2008. Mr. Gabeira also speaks about reviewing the party's program, which has since been widely criticized in the media.[citation needed]
| Election | Candidate | Running mate | Alliance | First round | Second round | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |||||
| 1989 | Fernando Gabeira (PV) | Maurício Lobo Abreu (PV) | None | 125,842 | 0.18 (#18) | - | - | Lost N |
| 1994 | Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) | Aloizio Mercadante (PT) | PT;PSB;PCdoB;PPS; PV;PSTU | 17,122,127 | 27.04% (#2) | - | - | LostN |
| 1998 | Alfredo Sirkis (PV) | Carla Piranda Rabello (PV) | None | 212,866 | 0.30 (#6) | - | - | LostN |
| 2002 | None | None | None | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2006 | None | None | None | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2010 | Marina Silva (PV) | Guilherme Leal (PV) | None | 19,636,359 | 19.3 (#3) | - | - | LostN |
| 2014 | Eduardo Jorge (PV) | Célia Sacramento (PV) | None | 630,099 | 0.61 (#6) | - | - | LostN |
| 2018 | Marina Silva (REDE) | Eduardo Jorge (PV) | REDE; PV | 1,069,578 | 1.00 (#8) | - | - | LostN |
| 2022 | Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) | Geraldo Alckmin (PSB) | PT;PCdoB; PV;PSOL;REDE;PSB;Solidariedade;Avante;Agir;PROS | 57,259,504 | 48.43% (#1) | 60,345,999 | 50.90% | Won Y |
| Source:Election Resources: Federal Elections in Brazil – Results Lookup | ||||||||
| Election | Chamber of Deputies | Federal Senate | Role in government | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | ||
| 1994 | 154,666[a] | 0.34% | 1 / 513 | New | — | Opposition | |||
| 1998 | 292,691 | 0.44% | 0 / 513 | 1 | 163,425 | 0.26% | 0 / 81 | New | Extra-parliamentary |
| 2002 | 1,179,374 | 1.35% | 5 / 513 |  5 | 962,719 | 0.63% | 0 / 81 |  0 | Coalition |
| 2006 | 3,368,561 | 3.61% | 13 / 513 | 8 | 1,425,765 | 1.69% | 0 / 81 | 0 | Coalition |
| 2010 | 3,710,366 | 3.84% | 15 / 513 | 2 | 5,047,797 | 2.96% | 0 / 81 | 0 | Independent |
| 2014 | 2,004,464 | 2.06% | 8 / 513 | 7 | 723,576 | 0.81% | 1 / 81 | 1 | Independent |
| 2018 | 1,592,173 | 1.62% | 4 / 513 | 4 | 1,226,392 | 0.72% | 0 / 81 | 1 | Opposition |
| 2022 | 15,354,125[b] | 13.93% | 6 / 513 | 2 | 475,597 | 0.47% | 0 / 81 | 0 | Coalition |
| Sources:Election Resources,Dados Eleitorais do Brasil (1982–2006) | |||||||||
(in Portuguese)| Preceded by | Numbers of Brazilian Official Political Parties 43 – GP (PV) | Succeeded by |
