Grasshopper is avisual programming language and environment that runs within theRhinoceros 3Dcomputer-aided design (CAD) application. The program was created by David Rutten, at Robert McNeel & Associates.[2] Programs are created by dragging components onto a canvas. The outputs of those components are then connected to the inputs of subsequent components.
The Find Dialog displaying metaball outlines around search results
Grasshopper is primarily used to build generative algorithms, such as forgenerative art.[3][4] Many of Grasshopper's components create 3D geometry.[5] Programs may also contain other types of algorithms including numeric, textual,[6] audio-visual[7] and haptic applications.[8]
The first version of Grasshopper, then namedExplicit History, was released in September 2007.[12][13] Grasshopper was made part of the standard Rhino toolset in Rhino 6.0, and continues to be.
AEC Magazine stated that Grasshopper is "Popular among students and professionals, McNeel Associate’s Rhino modelling tool is endemic in the architectural design world. The new Grasshopper environment provides an intuitive way to explore designs without having to learn to script."[14] Research supporting this claim has come from product design[15] and architecture.[16]
^Tedeschi, Arturo (January 2011)."Intervista a David Rutten".MixExperience Tools1 (in Italian and English). Naples, Italy: MixExperience. pp. 28–29.Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. RetrievedFebruary 8, 2011.
^A list of functions to link to datastreams containing numbers and text informationFraguada, Luis."LaN co-director".
^Andrew, Kudless (July 2011). "Biodigital Architecture Master".Biodynamic Structures Workshop. California College of the Arts, San Francisco: AA San Francisco Visiting School. pp. photos. Archived fromthe original on January 24, 2011. RetrievedFebruary 9, 2011.
^Celani, Gabriela; Vaz, Carlos Eduardo Verzola (2012). "CAD Scripting and Visual Programming Languages for Implementing Computational Design Concepts: A Comparison from a Pedagogical Point of View".International Journal of Architectural Computing.10 (1):121–137.doi:10.1260/1478-0771.10.1.121.ISSN1478-0771.S2CID62593155.
K Lagios, J Niemasz and C F Reinhart, "Animated Building Performance Simulation (ABPS) - Linking Rhinoceros/Grasshopper with Radiance/Daysim", Accepted for Publication in the Proceedings of SimBuild 2010, New York City, August 2010 (full article).
J Niemasz, J Sargent, C F Reinhart, "Solar Zoning and Energy in Detached Residential Dwellings", Proceedings of SimAUD 2011, Boston, April 2011
Pedro Molina-Siles,Parametric Environment. The Handbook of grasshopper. Nodes & Exercises, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016.ISBN978-84-9048-499-9
Diego Cuevas, Advanced 3D Printing with Grasshopper: Clay and FDM (2020).ISBN979-8635379011
