TheGrand Portage Indian Reservation (Ojibwe language:Gichi-onigamiing) is theIndian reservation of theGrand Portage Band ofMinnesota Chippewa Tribe, afederally recognized tribe inMinnesota.
The reservation is inCook County near the tip ofMinnesota'sArrowhead Region in the extreme northeast part of the state. Historically, the community was considered part of theLake Superior Band of Chippewa but is not a party to thetreaties that group signed. The reservation was established as part of the1854 Treaty of La Pointe.
The unincorporated community ofGrand Portage is located within the Grand Portage Indian Reservation.
Since 1934, Grand Portage has been one of the six bands of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, which wrote a constitution and initiated its new government in 1936. In the federal2020 census, the reservation had a population of 618.[1] The Minnesota Chippewa Tribe reported in July 2007 that Grand Portage had 1,127 people enrolled in the band.[2]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the Grand Portage reservation has a total area of 75.7 square miles (196 km2), of which 74.47 square miles (192.9 km2) is land and 1.23 square miles (3.2 km2) is water.[3] The Grand Portage Band also had 0.056 square miles (36 acres; 0.15 km2) ofoff-reservation trust land as of 2020.
As of thecensus of 2020,[1] the total population living on the reservation was 618. Thepopulation density was 8.3 inhabitants per square mile (3.2/km2). There were 328 housing units at an average density of 4.4 per square mile (1.7/km2). The racial makeup of the reservation was 63.1%Native American, 24.3%White, 0.8%Asian, 0.2%Black orAfrican American, 0.2%Pacific Islander, and 11.5% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 1.8%Hispanic orLatino of any race.
The community operates acasino, theGrand Portage Lodge and Casino. TheGrand Portage National Monument is located on the reservation and managed by theNational Park Service. The site includes a reconstructedtrading post which is authentic for the 18th century.
In 2000, Minnesota returned ownership of the 300-acre (1.2 km2)Grand Portage State Park to the Chippewa Band, which was lost more than 50 years ago in a tax forfeiture. In a unique arrangement in the state, this is the only state park to be managed jointly by the state and anAmerican Indian band. The park includes a 120-foot high waterfall, which has been a landmark for centuries. The band employs its members as staff of the park.[citation needed]
1 No reservation in the state, trust lands or legal status only |
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47°57′41″N89°45′34″W / 47.96139°N 89.75944°W /47.96139; -89.75944
