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| Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich | |||||
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| Born | (1864-01-22)22 January 1864 Saint Petersburg,Russian Empire | ||||
| Died | 17 June 1931(1931-06-17) (aged 67) Antibes,France | ||||
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| House | Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov | ||||
| Father | Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia | ||||
| Mother | Duchess Alexandra of Oldenburg | ||||
Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia (Russian: Пётр Никола́евич Рома́нов; 22 January [O.S. 10 January] 1864 – 17 June 1931) was a Russian Grand Duke and a member of theRussian Imperial Family.
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Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich was the second and youngest son ofGrand Duke Nicholas Nicolaievich the Elder (1831–1891) andDuchess Alexandra of Oldenburg (1838–1900). His father was the sixth child and third son born toNicholas I of Russia and hisEmpress consortAlexandra Fedorovna of Prussia (1798–1860). Alexandra Fedorovna was a daughter ofFrederick William III of Prussia andLouise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
He was born inSaint Petersburg and as a child grew up in the enormousNicholas Palace build for his parents after their marriage in 1856.
As was the custom for Russian Grand Dukes (the title applied to all sons and grandsons of a Russian Emperor), the Grand Duke Peter served in the Russian army as a Lt.-General and Adjutant-General. Grand Duke Peter had a frail health, suffering from tuberculosis so he spend most of his time away from miilitary duties and often abroad. He was very interested in architecture.
On 26 July 1889, he marriedPrincessMilica of Montenegro (1866–1951), daughter ofKing Nicholas I of Montenegro (1841–1921). The Grand Duke and Duchess had four children:
Grand Duke Peter's parents didn't have a successful marriage, eventually living apart. Grand Duke Peter was, especially in adulthood, very attached to his elder brother and only sibling,Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich and the two brothers shared a close relationship the rest of their lives. In 1907Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich, married Grand Duchess Militza's sister,Princess Anastasia of Montenegro, known asStana. The two couples were socially very influential at the Russian Imperial Court in the early 20th century. The Grand Duke joined a cult nick-named "the black peril", a group interested in theoccult. They are credited with introducing first acharlatanmystic named merely Philippe, and then, with graver consequences,Grigori Rasputin (1869–1916) to the Imperial family.Prince Felix Yussupov (1887–1967) – who was their neighbour inKoreiz – once describedZnamenka Palace, the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess's palace, as "the central point of the powers of evil".[1] This was later to be a widely held belief within the higher echelons of the divided Russian court. TheDowager Empress Marie firmly believed that the couple plotted with Rasputin and others to gain influence and favours through the neuroticEmpress Alexandra (1872–1918). However, by 1914, Alexandra herself referred to them as "the black family" and felt herself to be manipulated by them.
During the last years ofWorld War I Grand Duke Peter and his family spend much time inthe Caucasus, where his older brother, Grand Duke Nicholas was a successfulcommander-in-chief in the Caucasus region.
Grand Duke Peter, his wife and children all survived theRussian Revolution. Right after the revolution they went to their summer palace,Dulber, inCrimea where they lived until 1919. Here, they were subjected to the localbolsheviks house inspections and threats to their lives but managed to avoid arrests. In 1919, they were rescued by the British battleshipHMS Marlborough, along with other members of the imperial family and eventually went to live in the south of France. Here, Grand Duke Peter Nicholaievich died atCap d'Antibes, nearAntibes, on 17 June 1931. His wife died inAlexandria,Egypt, in September 1951.
The Grand Duke received several Russian and foreign decorations:[2]
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg:Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig,12 July 1880
Grand Duchy of Hesse: Grand Cross of theLudwig Order,15 June 1884[3]
Kingdom of Prussia:Knight of the Black Eagle,16 September 1884[4]
Grand Duchy of Baden:[5]
France: Grand Cross of theLegion of Honour,4 March 1896[6]
Kingdom of Italy:Knight of the Most Holy Annunciation,9 August 1900[7] - during a visit to Russia of KingVictor Emmanuel III of Italy[8]
Kingdom of Montenegro: Grand Cross of theOrder of Prince Danilo I[9]| Ancestors of Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia |
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