 Baden |  United States |
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TheGrand Duchy of Baden and theUnited States began relations in 1832 going through expansion in 1868 when the duchy joined theGerman Empire in 1871. Relations would eventually end withWorld War I when the U.S.declared war on Germany.
On July 13, 1832, relations formally began when the U.S. opened a consulate inBaden-Baden. Several U.S. consulates were inFreiburg, which opened on March 5, 1891, and closed on May 11, 1908;Kehl, which opened on April 30, 1872, and closed on February 5, 1915;Karlsruhe, which opened on March 3, 1855, and closed on February 18, 1872; andMannheim on October 26, 1843, and closed on July 8, 1916. The Duchy opened a consulate inNew York City on December 20, 1833, withC.F. Hoyer as Consul.[1]
An Extradition Convention was signed on January 30, 1857, by U.S. Minister to theKingdom of PrussiaPeter Dumont Vroom andBaron Marschall de Bieberstein, the Grand Duke of Baden’s Minister at the Court of the King of Prussia.[1] At the time,George Bancroft was also accredited to Prussia and theNorth German Confederation and, after 1871, to the German Empire. Yet, although Bancroft was recalled from his position in Berlin in 1874, at his own request, he was never officially recalled from the court of Baden. For several years after Bancroft’s death in 1891, he remained listed as U.S. Minister to Baden.
On July 19, 1868, both countries signed a Treaty on Naturalization which allowed for the naturalization of American citizens in Baden and Baden citizens in the United States.[2]
Relations ended on February 3, 1917, when U.S. PresidentWoodrow Wilson instructedSecretary of StateRobert Lansing to notify the German Ambassador to the United States that all diplomatic relations between the U.S. and the German Empire were severed. As the foreign affairs of Imperial Germany were run out of Berlin and decided upon by the Kaiser, this constituted the severance of relations with Baden, as part of the German Empire. On April 6, 1917, Wilson declared war on Imperial Germany.[1]
This article incorporatespublic domain material from"A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Baden".U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets.United States Department of State.
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