 | |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
|---|---|
| Country | India |
| Website | www |
| Legislative branch | |
| Assembly | |
| Speaker | M. Appavu |
| Deputy Speaker | K. Pitchandi |
| Members in Assembly | 234 |
| Meeting place | Fort St. George |
| Executive branch | |
| Governor | R. N. Ravi |
| Chief Minister | M. K. Stalin (DMK) |
| Deputy Chief Minister | Udhayanidhi Stalin (DMK) |
| Chief Secretary | N. MuruganandamIAS |
| Headquarters | Chennai |
| Departments | 43 |
| Judiciary branch | |
| High Court | Madras High Court |
| Chief Justice | M. M. Shrivastava |
TheGovernment of Tamil Nadu (IPA:[t̪əmɪɻnɑːɖʉəɾəsʉ]) is the administrative body responsible for thegovernance of theIndian state ofTamil Nadu.Chennai is the capital of the state and houses the state executive, legislature and head of judiciary.
Under theConstitution of India,de jureexecutive authority lies with thegovernor, although this authority is exercised only by, or on the advice of, thechief minister, thede facto authority and thecabinet. Following elections to theTamil Nadu Legislative Assembly, thestate's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whosecouncil of ministers arecollectively responsible to the assembly.
Legislative assembly elections are held every five years to elect a new assembly, unless there is a successfulvote of no confidence in the government or a two-thirds vote for asnap election in the assembly, in which case an election may be held sooner. Thelegislature of Tamil Nadu wasbicameral until 1986, when it was replaced by aunicameral legislature. Thejudiciary branch is led by aHigh Court (Madras High Court) led by aChief Justice.
| Title | Name |
|---|---|
| Governor | R. N. Ravi[1] |
| Chief minister | M. K. Stalin[2] |
| Chief Justice | M. M. Shrivastava[3] |
TheGovernor is thede jureconstitutional head of state while theChief Minister is thede factochief executive. The governor is appointed by thePresident of India. Following elections to theTamil Nadu Legislative Assembly, thestate's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints thechief minister, whosecouncil of ministers arecollectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to noterm limits.[4]Chennai is the capital of the state and houses the state executive,legislative and head of judiciary.[5]
Source:[6]
TheTamil Nadu Legislative Assembly consists of234members elected throughdemocraticelections. The current seat of the assembly is atFort St. George inChennai. Thefirst election to the assembly on the basis ofuniversal adult suffrage was held in January 1952.[7] Thelegislature of Tamil Nadu wasbicameral until 1986, when it was replaced by aunicameral legislature after the abolishment ofTamil Nadu Legislative Council.[8] Anybill passed by the legislature needs the assent of the governor before becoming an act.
TheMadras High Court was established on 26 June 1862 and is the highest judicial authority of the state with control over all the civil and criminal courts in the state.[9] It is headed by aChief Justice, a position currently held byM. M. Shrivastava.[10] The court is based out of Chennai and has a bench atMadurai since 2004.[11]
As per the2011 census, Tamil Nadu is theseventh most populous state in India with a population of 72.1 million.[12] It covers an area of 130,058 km2 (50,216 sq mi) and is thetenth largest Indian state by area. The state is divided into 38districts, each of which is administered by aDistrict Collector, who is an officer of theIndian Administrative Service (IAS) appointed to the district by the Government of Tamil Nadu. For revenue administration, the districts are further subdivided into 87 revenue divisions administered by Revenue Divisional Officers (RDO) which comprise 310taluks administered byTahsildars.[13] The taluks are divided into 1,349revenue blocks calledfirkas which encompass 17,680 revenue villages.[13]
As of 2024[update], thelocal administration consists of 15municipal corporations, 121municipalities and 528town panchayats in the urban and 385panchayat unions and 12,618village panchayats, administered by Village Administrative Officers (VAO).[14][13][15]Greater Chennai Corporation, established in 1688, is the second oldest in the world and Tamil Nadu was the first state to establish town panchayats as a new administrative unit.[16][14]
The administration of the state government functions through various secretariat departments. Each department consists of a secretary to the government, who is the official head of the department with theChief secretary superintending control over the secretariat and staff. The departments have further sub-divisions which may govern various undertakings and boards. There are 43 departments of the state.[17]
The state emblem was designed in 1949 and consists of theLion Capital of Ashoka without the bell lotus foundation and flanked on either side by anIndian flag with an image of aGopuram orHindu temple tower on the background. There are two inscriptions inTamil language displayed around the rim of the seal runs. தமிழ் நாடு அரசு ('Tamil Nadu arasu') translating to "Government of Tamil Nadu" is inscribed on the top. Inscribed at the bottom is வாய்மையே வெல்லும் ('Vaymaiye Vellum') which translates to "Truth Alone Triumphs" and derived from the words "Satyameva Jayate" in theIndian emblem.[18]
| Type | Symbol | Image |
|---|---|---|
| Animal | Nilgiri tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius) | _female_head.jpg) |
| Bird | Emerald dove (Chalcophaps indica) | .jpg) |
| Butterfly | Tamil Yeoman (Cirrochroa thais) |  |
| Flower | Glory lily (Gloriosa superba) |  |
| Fruit | Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) |  |
| Tree | Palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer) |  |
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