| Government of Quebec | |
|---|---|
| French:Gouvernement du Québec | |
 Logo of the Government of Quebec | |
| Overview | |
| Established | July 1, 1867 (1867-07-01) |
| Country | Canada |
| Polity | Province |
| Leader | Premier François Legault |
| Appointed by | Lieutenant Governor Manon Jeannotte |
| Main organ | Executive Council |
| Responsible to | National Assembly |
| Headquarters | Quebec City |
| Website | www |
TheGovernment of Quebec (French:Gouvernement du Québec,pronounced[ɡuvɛʁnəmɑ̃dykebɛk]) is the body responsible for the administration of theCanadian province ofQuebec. The term is typically used to refer to the executive of the day (i.e.ministers of the Crown) and the non-political staff within each provincial department or agency whom the ministers direct. By virtue ofFrench being the province's official language,[1] the governmentcorporately brands itself as theGouvernement du Québec.
The current construct was established when the province joinedConfederation in 1867. Quebec is aconstituent state ofCanada, aconstitutional monarchy with aparliamentary democracy in theWestminster tradition; aPremier—presentlyFrançois Legault of theCoalition Avenir Québec—is thehead of government and is invited by the Crown to form a government after securing theconfidence of the National Assembly, typically determined through the election of enoughmembers of the National Assembly (MNAs) of a single political party in an election to provide a majority of seats, forming agoverning party orcoalition.[2] The sovereign is King Charles III, Canada'shead of state, who is represented provincially in Quebec by thelieutenant governor, presentlyManon Jeannotte.
King Charles III, asKing of Canada is also theKing in Right of Quebec. As aCommonwealth realm, the Canadian monarch isshared with 14 other independent countries within theCommonwealth of Nations.[8] Within Canada, the monarch exercises power individually on behalf of thefederal government, and the 10 provinces.
While the powers of the Crown are vested in the monarch, they are exercised by the lieutenant governor, his personal representative, typically on the bindingadvice of the premier and Executive Council.
In Canada, lieutenant governor is appointed by thegovernor general, on the advice of theprime minister of Canada.[12] Thus, it is typically the lieutenant governor whom the premier and ministers advise, in exercising much of theroyal prerogative.
While the advice of the premier and Executive Council is typically binding on the lieutenant governor, there are occasions when the lieutenant governor has refused advice. This usually occurs if the premier does not clearly command the confidence of the elected National Assembly.
The executive power vested in the Crown is exercised "in-Council", meaning on the advice of the Executive Council; conventionally, this is the Cabinet, which is chaired by the premier and comprisesministers of the Crown. The termGovernment of Quebec, or more formally,His Majesty's Government refers to the activities of theKing-in-Council. The day-to-day operation and activities of the Government of Quebec are performed by the provincial departments and agencies, staffed by thenon-partisan public service and directed by the elected government.
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The premier of Quebec (French:premier ministre du Québec,lit. 'prime minister of Quebec') is theprimaryminister of the Crown. The premier acts as thehead of government for the province, chairs and selects the membership of theCabinet, andadvises the Crown on the exercise ofexecutive power and much of theroyal prerogative. As premiers hold office by virtue of their ability tocommand the confidence of the elected Nation Assembly, they typically sit as a MNA and lead the largest party or acoalition in the Assembly. Premiers hold office until resignation or removal by the lieutenant governor after either amotion of no confidence or defeat in ageneral election.[13] Among Canadian premiers, the Quebec premier is unique, in that new sessions begin with the Opening Speech by the premier,[14] rather than aspeech from the throne by the lieutenant governor, as is the case federally as well.
In Canada, the Cabinet (French:Conseil des ministres,lit. 'council of ministers') of each provincial and territorial government is known as an Executive Council (French:Conseil exécutif).
François Legault has served as Premier since October 18, 2018, after theCoalition Avenir Québec won amajority government following the2018 election.
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