| Government of Nepal | |
|---|---|
| नेपाल सरकार | |
 .svg) National Flag and Emblem of Nepal | |
| Overview | |
| Established | 28 May 2008; 17 years ago (2008-05-28) |
| State | Nepal |
| Leader | Prime Minister (Sushila Karki) |
| Appointed by | President of Nepal on the advice of the Federal Parliament |
| Main organ | Council of Ministers |
| Ministries | 20ministrial departments |
| Responsible to | Federal Parliament of Nepal |
| Annual budget |  रू1.86trillion (US$14 billion) (2024-25)[1] |
| Headquarters | Singha Durbar,Kathmandu |
| Website | nepal |
|
|---|
Executive:
Judiciary: |
Related topics |
 Nepal portal |
TheGovernment of Nepal (Nepali:नेपाल सरकार,romanized: Nepāl Sarkār) is the central executive authority of theFederal Democratic Republic of Nepal. TheHead of state is thePresident and thePrime Minister holds the position of theHead of executive. The role of President is largely ceremonial as the functioning of the government is managed entirely by the Prime Minister, who is appointed by theParliament. The Prime Minister selects all the other ministers; together they form theCouncil of Ministers.The heads of constitutional bodies are appointed by the President on the recommendation of Constitutional Council, with the exception of the Attorney General, who is appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.[2]
Following theGen Z protest, the previousgovernment led byKP Sharma Oli collapsed. Since 12 September 2025, Nepal has been governed by a transitional administration headed bySushila Karki,[3] serving as interim Prime Minister ahead of the2026 general election.[4]
The character of government in theKingdom of Nepal was driven from consultative state capacity of the previousGorkha hill principality, known asBharadar.[note 1][5] These Bharadars were drawn from high caste and politically influential families. For instance;Thar Ghan aristocratic group in the earlierGorkha hill principality. Bharadars formed a consultative body in the kingdom for the most important functions of the state as councillors, ministers and diplomats.[5] There was no one single successful coalition government as court politics were driven from large factional rivalries, consecutive conspiracies and ostracization of opponent Bharadar families through assassination rather than legal expulsion.[5] Another reason was the minority of the reigning King between 1777 and 1847 that led to establishment ofanarchial rule.[6] The government was stated to have been controlled by regents, Mukhtiyars and alliance of political faction with strong fundamental support.[6] In the end of the 18th century, the central politics was regularly dominated by two notable political factions:Thapas andPandes.[6] As per historians and contemporary writerFrancis Hamilton, the government of Nepal[note 2] comprised
As for Regmi states, the government of Nepal comprised
In 1794, KingRana Bahadur Shah came of age and his first act was to re-constitute the government such that his uncle, PrinceBahadur Shah of Nepal, had no official part to play.[7][8] Rana Bahadur appointedKirtiman Singh Basnyat as Chief (Mul)Kaji among the newly appointed four Kajis thoughDamodar Pande was the most influential Kaji.[8] Kirtiman had succeededAbhiman Singh Basnyat as Chief Kaji[9] while Prince Bahadur Shah was succeeded as Chief (Mul) Chautariya by Prince Ranodyot Shah, then heir apparent of King Rana Bahadur Shah by aChhetri QueenSubarna Prabha Devi.[8] Kajis had held the administrative and executive powers of nation after the fall of Chief Chautariya Prince Bahadur Shah in 1794. Later, Kirtiman Singh was secretly assassinated on 28 September 1801, by the supporters ofRaj Rajeshwari Devi[10] and his brotherBakhtawar Singh Basnyat, was then given the post of Chief (Mul) Kaji.[11] LaterDamodar Pande was appointed by Queen Rajrajeshwari as Chief Kaji.[12] When the exiled abdicated KingRana Bahadur Shah prepared his return in 1804, he arrested many government officials including then Chief KajiDamodar Pande and sacked the reigning government. He took over the administration of Nepal by assuming the position ofMukhtiyar (chief authority).[13][14][15] A new government was constituted with favoring officials.Bhimsen Thapa was made a second kaji;Ranajit Pande, who was the father-in-law of Bhimsen's brother, was made theMul (Chief) Kaji;Sher Bahadur Shah, Rana Bahadur's half-brother, was made the Mul (Chief) Chautariya; whileRangnath Paudel was made the Raj Guru (royal spiritual preceptor).[16][17] Later in April 1806, tensions arose between Chief Chautariya Sher Bahadur Shah and Mukhtiyar Rana Bahadur Shah on the night of 25 April 1806 during a meeting at Tribhuvan Khawas's house[18][19] where around 10 pm, Sher Bahadur in desperation drew a sword and killed Rana Bahadur Shah before being cut down by nearby courtiers,Bam Shah andBal Narsingh Kunwar, also allies of Bhimsen.[20][21] The assassination of Rana Bahadur Shah triggered a great massacre in Bhandarkhal (a royal garden east of Kathmandu Durbar) and at the bank of Bishnumati river[22][23] after which Kaji Bhimsen killed 55 senior officials to benefit from the chaos.[24] He was declaredMukhtiyar (Chief Authority) of Nepal and led the new government from a royal mandate of minor KingGirvan Yuddha Bikram Shah.[25]
Mukhtiyars ruled over the executive and administrative functions of the state until its replacement by British conventionalprime minister in 1843 conferred upon then ruling MukhtiyarMathabar Singh Thapa.[26]
The policies of the old Bharadari governments were derived from ancientHindu texts asDharmashastra andManusmriti.[27] The King was considered as an incarnation of LordVishnu and was the chief authority over legislative, judiciary and executive functions.[27] The judiciary functions were decided on the principles of Hindu Dharma codes of conduct.[27] The king had full rights to expel any person who offended the country and also pardon the offenders and grant return to the country.[27] The government on practicality was not anabsolute monarchy due to the dominance ofNepalese political clans making theShah monarch a puppet ruler.[27] These basic Hindu templates provide the evidence that Nepal was administered as aHindu state.
![[icon]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aWiki_letter_w_cropped.svg) | This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding missing information.(September 2025) |
| Security Service | Head of agency | Website | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Position/Title | Current Head | ||
| Nepal Army | Chief of Army Staff (प्रधान सेनापति) | Gen.Ashok Raj Sigdel | official website |
| Nepal Police | Inspector General (प्रहरी महानिरीक्षक) | Dan Bahadur Karki | official website |
| Armed Police Force | Inspector General (सशस्त्र प्रहरी महानिरीक्षक) | Raju Aryal | official website |
| National Investigation Department | Chief Investigation Director | Hutaraj Thapa | official website |
 | This sectiondoes notcite anysources. Please helpimprove this section byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged andremoved.(September 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
United Nations,UNDP Nepal,SAARC,ESCAP,FAO,ICAO, IDA,IFAD,IFC,IMF,IMO,Interpol,UNCTAD,UNESCO,WHO,WTO, BIMSTEC.
| Constitution | |
|---|---|
| Executive | |
| Legislative | |
| Judiciary | |
 Kingdom of Nepal(1951–2008) |
| | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nepal (2008–present) | ||||||||
