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Government of Hungary

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Recentelections

TheGovernment of Hungary (Hungarian:Magyarország Kormánya) exercisesexecutive power inHungary.[1] It is led by thePrime Minister, and is composed of various ministers.[2] It is the principal organ of public administration. The Prime Minister (miniszterelnök) is elected by theNational Assembly and serves as thehead of government and the country's political leader. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party with the most seats in parliament. The Prime Minister selects Cabinet ministers and has the exclusive right to dismiss them. Cabinet nominees must appear before consultative open hearings before one or more parliamentarycommittees, survive a vote in the National Assembly, and be formally approved by the President. The cabinet is responsible to the parliament.

The Government's role is greatly enhanced compared to cabinets in other parliamentary republics. Since the adoption of the current constitution, the Government is explicitly defined as the country's executive authority. In most other parliamentary republics, the president is at least nominal chief executive.

Since the fall of communism, Hungary has amulti-party system. Anew Hungarian parliament was elected on 8 April 2018. This parliamentary election was the 8th since the1990 first multi-party election. The result was a victory forFideszKDNP alliance, preserving its two-thirds majority withViktor Orbán remaining Prime Minister. It was the second election according to the newConstitution of Hungary which went into force on 1 January 2012. The new electoral law also entered into force that day. The voters elected 199 MPs instead of previous 386 lawmakers.[3][4]

In 2023, there are increasing concerns over the commitment of the Hungarian government towards democratic values. Credible sources, includingFreedom House[5] and theEuropean Parliament,[6] claim Hungary is no longer a democratic country. Prime Minister Viktor Orban and his leading politicians openly useracist arguments,[7] making the normalization ofright-wing extremism a valid concern in case of Hungary.[8] Voicinghate speech or discriminatory language against marginalized groups, including but not limited to those based on race, religion, or sexual orientation, especially when presented in a humorous context, is often socially accepted in Hungary.[9]

List of cabinets since 1989:

Governments of Hungary
Name of GovernmentDuration of GovernmentPrime ministerParties Involved
NémethNovember 24, 1988 – May 23, 1990Miklós Németh (MSZP)MSZP
AntallMay 23, 1990 – December 12, 1993József Antall (MDF)MDF,FKgP,KDNP
BorossDecember 12, 1993 – December 21, 1993Péter Boross (MDF)MDF,EKgP, KDNP
December 21, 1993 – July 15, 1994
HornJuly 15, 1994 – July 6, 1998Gyula Horn (MSZP)MSZP,SZDSZ
Orbán IJuly 6, 1998 – May 27, 2002Viktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, FKgP, MDF
MedgyessyMay 27, 2002 – September 29, 2004Péter Medgyessy (Ind.)MSZP, SZDSZ
Gyurcsány ISeptember 29, 2004 – June 9, 2006Ferenc Gyurcsány (MSZP)
Gyurcsány IIJune 9, 2006 – April 14, 2009Ferenc Gyurcsány (MSZP)MSZP, SZDSZ
BajnaiApril 14, 2009 – May 29, 2010Gordon Bajnai (Ind.)MSZP
Orbán IIMay 29, 2010 – June 6, 2014Viktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán IIIJune 6, 2014 – May 18, 2018Viktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán IVMay 18, 2018 – May 24, 2022Viktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán VMay 24, 2022 –presentViktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, KDNP

Notes
Traditional colours
Hungarian Socialist Party (Magyar Szocialista Párt, MSZP)
Hungarian Democratic Forum (Magyar Demokrata Fórum, MDF)
Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party (Független Kisgazda-, Földmunkás- és Polgári Párt, FKgP)
United Smallholders' Party (Egyesült Történelmi Kisgazda és Polgári Párt, EKgP)
Christian Democratic People's Party (Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt, KDNP)
Alliance of Free Democrats (Szabad Demokraták Szövetsége, SZDSZ)
Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance (Fidesz – Magyar Polgári Szövetség, Fidesz)

Current government

[edit]
Main articles:Fifth Orbán Government and2022 Hungarian parliamentary election

Following theHungarian parliamentary election, 2022, the current prime minister,Viktor Orbán is serving with his government since 24 May 2022.

NameOfficePartyPeriod
Viktor OrbánPrime MinisterFidesz24.05.2022 –
Zsolt SemjénDeputy Prime Minister
Minister without portfoliofor National Politics
KDNP24.05.2022 –
Gergely GulyásMinister of the Prime Minister's OfficeFidesz24.05.2022 –
Antal RogánMinister of the Prime Minister's Cabinet OfficeFidesz24.05.2022 –
Márton NagyMinister for the National EconomyIndependent01.01.2024 –
Péter SzijjártóMinister of Foreign Affairs and TradeFidesz24.05.2022 –
János LázárMinister of Transport and ConstructionFidesz24.05.2022 –
Sándor PintérDeputy Prime Minister
Minister of Interior
Independent24.05.2022 –
Mihály VargaMinister of FinanceFidesz24.05.2022 –
Bence TuzsonMinister of JusticeFidesz01.08.2023 –
János BókaMinister of EU AffairsFidesz01.08.2023 –
János CsákMinister of Culture and InnovationIndependent24.05.2022 –
István NagyMinister of AgricultureFidesz18.05.2018 –
Kristóf Szalay-BobrovniczkyMinister of DefenceIndependent24.05.2022 –
Tibor NavracsicsMinister of Public Administration and Regional DevelopmentFidesz01.01.2024 –

Government history, since 1990

[edit]

Prime ministers

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Minister of the Interior

[edit]
Sándor Pintér
Ministry of Interior
MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
Balázs Horváth23.05.1990 – 21.12.1990MDFAntall
Péter Boross21.12.1990 – 21.12.1993MDF
Imre Kónya21.12.1993 – 15.07.1994MDFBoross
Gábor Kuncze15.07.1994 – 06.07.1998SZDSZHorn
Sándor Pintér06.07.1998 – 27.05.2002IndependentOrbán I
Mónika Lamperth27.05.2002 – 09.06.2006MSZPMedgyessy,Gyurcsány I
Sándor Pintér29.05.2010 –IndependentOrbán II,Orbán III,Orbán IV,Orbán V
Ministry of Local Government (2006-2010)
MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
Mónika Lamperth09.06.2006 – 30.06.2007MSZPGyurcsány II
Gordon Bajnai30.06.2007 – 30.04.2008Independent
István Gyenesei30.04.2008 – 14.04.2009Somogyért
Zoltán Varga14.04.2009 – 29.05.2010MSZPBajnai
Ministry of Justice and Law Enforcement (2006-2010)
MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
József Petrétei09.06.2006 – 31.05.2007IndependentGyurcsány II
Albert Takács01.06.2007 – 17.02.2008Independent
Tibor Draskovics18.02.2008 – 14.12.2009IndependentGyurcsány II,Bajnai
Imre Forgács14.12.2009 – 29.05.2010IndependentBajnai

Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade

[edit]
Péter Szijjártó

The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Hungary (Hungarian:Magyarország külügyminisztere) is a member of the Hungarian cabinet and the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The current foreign minister isPéter Szijjártó.

MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
Géza Jeszenszky23.05.1990 – 15.07.1994MDFAntall,Boross
László Kovács15.07.1994 – 08.07.1998MSZPHorn
János Martonyi08.07.1998 – 27.05.2002IndependentOrbán I
László Kovács27.05.2002 – 01.11.2004MSZPMedgyessy,Gyurcsány I
Ferenc Somogyi01.11.2004 – 09.06.2006IndependentGyurcsány I
Kinga Göncz09.06.2006 – 14.04.2009IndependentGyurcsány II
Péter Balázs14.04.2009 – 29.05.2010IndependentBajnai
János Martonyi29.05.2010 – 06.06.2014FideszOrbán II
Tibor Navracsics06.06.2014 – 23.09.2014FideszOrbán III
Péter Szijjártó23.09.2014 –FideszOrbán III,Orbán IV,Orbán V

Minister of Finance

[edit]
Ministry of National Economy

The Minister of Finance of Hungary (Hungarian:Magyarország pénzügyminisztere) is a member of the Hungarian cabinet and the head of theMinistry of Finance.

MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
Minister of Finance
Ferenc Rabár23.05.1990 – 19.12.1990IndependentAntall
Mihály Kupa20.12.1990 – 11.02.1993MDF
Iván Szabó24.02.1993 – 15.07.1994MDFAntall,Boross
László Békesi15.07.1994 – 28.02.1995MSZPHorn
Lajos Bokros01.03.1995 – 29.02.1996MSZP
Péter Medgyessy01.03.1996 – 07.07.1998Independent
Zsigmond Járai08.07.1998 – 31.12.2000FideszOrbán I
Mihály Varga01.01.2001 – 27.05.2002Fidesz
Csaba László27.05.2002 – 15.02.2004MSZPMedgyessy
Tibor Draskovics15.02.2004 – 24.04.2005IndependentMedgyessy,Gyurcsány I
János Veres24.04.2005 – 16.04.2009MSZPGyurcsány I,Gyurcsány II
Péter Oszkó16.04.2009 – 29.05.2010IndependentBajnai
Minister of Finance
György Matolcsy29.05.2010 – 07.03.2013FideszOrbán II
Mihály Varga07.03.2013 –FideszOrbán II,Orbán III,Orbán IV,Orbán V

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Website of the Government of Hungary". Government of Hungary. Retrieved8 December 2014.
  2. ^"Fundamental Law of Hungary (Article 15)"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2014-06-29. Retrieved2014-12-08.
  3. ^Az országgyűlési képviselők választásáról szóló 2011. évi CCIII. törvény. In.: Magyar Közlöny. 2011. évi, 165. sz., 41095-41099. p.
  4. ^"Életbe lép az új választójogi törvény".Magyar Nemzet (in Hungarian). 29 December 2011. Archived fromthe original on 13 May 2012. Retrieved2 January 2012.
  5. ^Gehrke, Laurenz."Hungary no longer a democracy, Freedom House says".POLITICO. Retrieved2023-03-17.
  6. ^"MEPs: Hungary can no longer be considered a full democracy | News | European Parliament".www.europarl.europa.eu. 2022-09-15. Retrieved2023-03-17.
  7. ^RFE/RL."European Parliament Leaders Condemn Orban For 'Openly Racist' Remarks".RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved2023-03-17.
  8. ^"Antisemitic and Racist Statements by Hungarian Political Leaders"(PDF).human rights first. December 2015. Retrieved2023-03-17.
  9. ^Bekesi, Aron B. (2023)."The Paradox of Anti-Democratic Arguments: aDefense of Democratic Principles in Debates".Science & Philosophy.11 (2): 94.

External links

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