| Gobierno de Argentina | |
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| Formation | 1810; 215 years ago (1810) |
|---|---|
| Founding document | Constitution |
| Jurisdiction | Argentina |
| Website | casarosada |
| Legislative branch | |
| Legislature | National Congress |
| Meeting place | Palace of the Congress |
| Executive branch | |
| Leader | President |
| Headquarters | Casa Rosada |
| Main organ | Cabinet of Ministers |
| Departments | 8 |
| Judicial branch | |
| Court | Supreme Court |
| Seat | Palace of Justice |
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 Argentina portal |
Thegovernment of Argentina, within the framework of afederal system, is apresidentialrepresentative democraticrepublic. Thepresident of Argentina is bothhead of state andhead of government.Executive power is exercised by the president.Legislative power is vested in theNational Congress. TheJudiciary is independent from the Executive and from the Legislature, and is vested in theSupreme Court and the lower national tribunals. From the own government is also calledPresidency of the Nation (Spanish:Presidencia de la Nación).
The current composition of the executive branch includes solely thepresident, who is thehead of state and is formally given the power over the administration to follow through with the interests of the nation. The president is also the chief of theArgentine Armed Forces.
The president and thevice president are elected throughuniversal suffrage by the nation. Theconstitutional reform of 1994 introduced atwo-round system, more popularly known in the country asballotage, by which the winning presidential ticket has to receive either more than 45% of the overall valid votes, or at least 40% of it and a 10% lead over the runner-up. In any other case, the two leading tickets get to face a second round whose victor will be decided by a simple majority. This mechanism was not necessary in the1995 election, when it could have first come into use, nor in the ones in1999,2007,2011, and2019. However, it was instrumental in the selection ofNéstor Kirchner in2003, ofMauricio Macri in2015, and, most recently, ofJavier Milei in2023.
The cabinet of ministers is appointed by the president, but is not technically part of the executive power.[1] The vice president belongs to the legislative branch, since they also hold the presidency of the senate.
| Portfolio | Incumbent | Since | Party | Coalition | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| President | .jpg) | Javier Milei | 10 December 2023 | Libertarian Party | Freedom Advances | ||
| Vice President | .jpg) | Victoria Villarruel | 10 December 2023 | Democratic Party | Freedom Advances | ||
As of July 2025[update]:
| Portfolio | Incumbent | Since | Party | Coalition | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chief of the Cabinet of Ministers | .jpg) | Guillermo Francos | 28 May 2024 | Independent | Freedom Advances | ||
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Worship | _(cropped).jpg) | Gerardo Werthein | October 2024 | Independent | |||
| Ministry of Defense | .jpg) | Luis Petri | 10 December 2023 | Radical Civic Union | Together for Change | ||
| Ministry of Economy | .jpg) | Luis Caputo | 10 December 2023 | Republican Proposal | Together for Change | ||
| Ministry of Justice | .jpg) | Mariano Cúneo Libarona | 10 December 2023 | Independent | |||
| Ministry of Security | .jpg) | Patricia Bullrich | 10 December 2023 | Republican Proposal | Together for Change | ||
| Ministry of Health | .jpg) | Mario Lugones | 26 September 2024 | Independent | |||
| Ministry of Human Capital | .jpg) | Sandra Pettovello | 10 December 2023 | Union of the Democratic Centre | Freedom Advances | ||
| Ministry of Deregulation and State Transformation |  | Federico Sturzenegger | 5 July 2024 | Union of the Democratic Centre | Freedom Advances | ||
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TheNational Congress (Spanish:Congreso Nacional) constitutes the legislative branch of government. The Congress consists of theSenate (72 seats), presided by the Vice-President of the Nation, and theChamber of Deputies (257 seats), currently presided byJulián Domínguez, deputy forBuenos Aires province. Senators stay in office for six years, and deputies, for four.
Each of theProvinces and theAutonomous City of Buenos Aires elect deputies and senators directly. Deputies are representatives of the whole people of the Nation, while Senators represent their districts. Each district elects a number of deputies roughly proportional to their overall population byproportional representation, and three senators: two for the majority, and one for the first minority. Members of both chambers are allowed indefinite re-elections.
Every two years, each of the 24 electoral districts (the twenty-three Provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires) elects one half of their lower chamber representatives. Districts with an odd number of Deputies elect one more or one fewer of them on each election. As for the Senators, the twenty-four districts are divided into three groups consisting of eight districts. Every two years all eight districts of one of those groups elect all their three senators, assigning two of them from the party that obtains the majority, and one from the first minority party. Six years later, the same group of districts will hold its next senatorial elections.
The Judiciary Branch is composed of federal judges and others with different jurisdictions and of aSupreme Court with nine members (one President, one Vice President, and seven Ministers), appointed by the President with approval of the Senate, who may be deposed by Congress. As of December 2015 there are six vacancies, which then President Kirchner stated she did not intend to fill.
Argentina is divided into 23 districts calledProvinces and oneautonomous district, which hosts the national capital, the Autonomous City ofBuenos Aires (which isconurbated into theprovince of Buenos Aires). Each of the provinces has its own constitution, laws, authorities, form of government, etc., though these must first and foremost comply with thenational constitution and laws.
The government of each province has three branches. The Executive, Legislative and Judiciary. The Executive branch is led by agovernor. The Legislative Branch may be organized as aunicameral or abicameral system, i.e:, with either one or two chambers or houses; currently, eight of the 24 provinces has a bicameral legislature.[2]
Each province, except forBuenos Aires Province, is divided into districts calleddepartments (departamentos). Departments are merely administrative divisions; they do not have governing structures or authorities of their own. They are in turn divided intomunicipalities (cities, towns and villages). Each province has its own naming conventions and government systems for different kinds of municipalities. For example,Córdoba Province hasmunicipios (cities) andcomunas (towns);Santa Fe Province further distinguishes between first- and second- tiermunicipios;Chaco Province refers to every populated center asmunicipios, in three categories.
The Province of Buenos Aires has a different system. Its territory is divided into 134 districts calledpartidos, each of which usually contains several cities and towns.
Regardless of the province, each department/partido has a head town (cabecera), often though not necessarily the largest urban center, and in some provinces often named the same as their parent district.
Municipalities are ruled by mayors, usually calledIntendant (intendente) in the case of cities and towns (the larger categories). A city has a legislative body called the Deliberative Council (Concejo Deliberante). The smaller towns have simpler systems, often ruled by commissions presided by acommunal president (presidente communal) or a similarly named authority.
Buenos Aires city, seat of the National Government, was declared anautonomous city by the1994 constitutional reform. Its mayor, formerly chosen by thePresident of the Republic, is now elected by the people, and receives the title ofChief of Government (Jefe de Gobierno). Other than that, Buenos Aires, as the provinces, has its own Legislative Branch (a unicameral Legislature) and electdeputies andsenators as representatives to theNational Congress.
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