| González Gil-Pazó GP-1 | |
|---|---|
 González Gil-Pazó GP-1 trainer of theSpanish Republican Air Force. | |
| General information | |
| Type | Two-seat trainer |
| National origin | Spain |
| Designer | Arturo González Gil y Santibañez and José Pazó |
| Number built | c.40 |
| History | |
| First flight | June 1934 |
TheGonzález Gil-Pazó GP-1 was a single-engine, two-seat open cockpittraining aircraft, built inSpain in the 1930s to compete for a government contract. Declared the winner, production was curtailed by theSpanish Civil War. Two cabin variants, theGonzález Gil-Pazó GP-2 andGP-4, were also built.
The first aircraft produced from the collaboration between Arturo González Gil y Santibañez and José Pazó was theGil-Pazó No.1. It was, like all of their aircraft, alow-wingcantilevermonoplane. It was built of wood and metal withplywood skinning, seated two and had an unfairedconventional undercarriage. Reportedly similar to theMiles Hawk, it was powered by anADC Cirrus engine. Almost no specifications are known, apart from a loaded weight of 778 kg (1715 lb). It first flew in June 1932 and was last recorded atCuatro Vientos,Madrid in July 1936.[1]
In 1934 the Director General de Aeronáutica issued a specification for a two-seat trainer and Gil-Pazó's response was the GP-1. This "supremely elegant" aircraft, with two open cockpits and a trouseredundercarriage was reportedly somewhat like theMiles Hawk Major in appearance. Its wings, of semi-elliptic plan, had a wooden structure and a stressed plywood skin.Flaps were fitted. Thefuselage was a steel tube structure,fabric covered at the rear withdural skinning forward. For its first flight in June 1934 it was powered by the same Cirrus engine as the No.1 but this was replaced by a 145 kW (195 hp)Walter Junior inverted inline engine for the trainer contract competition.[1]
The competitive trials, against theLoring X, theHispano HS-34 and theAdaro 1.E.7, assessed the Gil-Pazó GP-1 as the clear winner, so in 1936 González Gil and Pazó received an order for 100 aircraft. These were to be built byAeronáutica Industrial S.A. (AISA), the formerTalleres Loring factory atCarabanchel Alto,Madrid. None of these had been completed by July 1936 at the start of theSpanish Civil War, and with rebel forces approaching Madrid in October, AISA retreated toAlicante. About forty GP-1s were built there during the war in a collaboration withHispano-Suiza.[1]
In 1935-6 the open cockpit GP-1 was developed into two cabin types, the González Gil-Pazó GP-2 and GP-4. Both had raised rear fuselages faired into the cabin tops. The GP-2 was powered by a 97 kW (130 hp)de Havilland Gipsy Major engine and had two seats in tandem. Only one two-seater was built. A second GP-2 was built as a single-seater with one, rather than two, cabin side windows on each side. The GP-4 was powered by a 97 kW (130 hp)Walter Major engine and carried four people. Only one GP-4 was constructed.[1]
Two notable flights were made before the Civil War. In January 1936 Ramón Torres and Carlos Coll set a record with their flight fromBarcelona toAgadir,Morocco in the two-seat GP-2. The single-seat GP-2 was flown by Lorenzo Richi in March 1936 from Madrid toBata in what was then Spanish Guinea at an average speed of 187 km/h (116 mph).[1]
About thirty of the forty GP-1s built at Alicante were captured by the Nationalist forces, given military serials and incorporated into Grupo 30. After the war at least twelve of these were given Spanishcivil registrations; one remained on the register until 1961.[1]
One GP-2 and the sole GP-4 were also on the Spanish civil register until about 1960. The GP-4 had been flown into Nationalist hands by Pazó in September 1936, where it was used for liaison and transport duties.[1]
Data from Howson[1]
General characteristics
Performance
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
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