 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid | |
| Other names Glyceric acid | |
| Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.006.795 |
| UNII | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C3H6O4 | |
| Molar mass | 106.08 g/mol |
| Appearance | colorless syrup |
| Melting point | <25 °C |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Glyceric acid refers toorganic compounds with the formulaHOCH2CH(OH)CO2H. It occurs naturally and is classified as three-carbonsugar acid. It ischiral.Salts andesters of glyceric acid are known asglycerates.
Glyceric acid is usually produced by oxidation ofglycerol. A typical oxidant isnitric acid, but catalytic oxidations have been developed also:[2][3]
As glycerol isprochiral, the oxidation of the two terminal alcohol groups gives distinct enantiomers of glyceric acid. Oxidation of both primary alcohols givestartronic acid:
Severalphosphate derivatives of glyceric acid, including2-phosphoglyceric acid,3-phosphoglyceric acid,2,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid, and1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid, are intermediates inglycolysis.[4] 3-Phosphoglyceric acid is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of theamino acidserine, which in turn can be used in the synthesis ofglycine andcysteine.[5]
Glyceric acid occurs naturally inPopulus tremula andArdisia crenata.[6]
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