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Global Innovation Index

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Index for innovation

Global Innovation Index
Report cover of the Global Innovation Index Report 2025
LanguageEnglish, French, Italian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Russian, German, Korean, Portuguese, Japanese
Publication details
History2007–present
Publisher
FrequencyAnnual
LicenseCC BY 4.0
Standard abbreviations
ISO 4 (alt) · Bluebook (alt)
NLM (alt) · MathSciNet (altPaid subscription required)
ISO 4Glob. Innov. Index
Indexing
CODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt)
MIAR · NLM (alt) · Scopus · W&L
ISSN2263-3693
Links
Framework showing the elements of the index

TheGlobal Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for and success ininnovation, published by theWorld Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). It was started in 2007 byINSEAD andWorld Business,[1]: 203  a British magazine. Until 2021, it was published by WIPO in partnership withCornell University,INSEAD, and other organisations and institutions.[2]: 333 [3] It is based on both subjective and objective data derived from several sources, including theInternational Telecommunication Union, theWorld Bank, and theWorld Economic Forum.[1]: 203 

History

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The Global Innovation Index was started in 2007 byINSEAD andWorld Business,[1]: 203  a British magazine. It was created bySoumitra Dutta.[4]

Methodology

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The Global Innovation Index is computed by taking a simple average of the scores in two sub-indices (the Innovation Input Index and Innovation Output Index), which are composed of respectively five and two pillars. Each of those pillars describes an attribute of innovation and have to five indicators, and their score is calculated by theweighted average method.[5]

Since its inception in 2007, the index has had its results analyzed by an increasing number of governments annually, which design policy responses to improve their performance.[6][7][8][9][10] The index is mentioned in a resolution on science, technology and innovation forsustainable development adopted on 19 December 2019 by theGeneral Assembly of the United Nations.[11]

Criticism

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Four Serbian scholars (Predrag Dašić, Jovan Dašić, Dejan Antanasković and Nina Pavićević) think that the index has been criticised for giving excessive significance attributed to factors that are not integral to innovation. For instance, "Ease of Paying Taxes", "Electricity Output" (half-weightage), and "Ease of Protecting Minority Investors" are factors alongside "Ease of Getting Credit" and "Venture Capital Deals."[12]

Themes

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Every two years, the index covers a theme related to innovation that goes beyond the innovation rankings. In 2020, the theme was "Who will finance innovation?" and shed light on the state of innovation financing by investigating the evolution of existing mechanisms and by pointing to progress and remaining challenges. Previous themes covered topics such as health innovation, environmental innovation, and agricultural and food innovation.[13]

2025 Ranking

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Economies climbing the ladder in global innovation. Top climbers since 2013 and 2019. Year-on-year comparisons of GII rankings must take into account changes to the GII model that have occurred overtime, as well as data availability.

In 2025, for an economy to feature in the GII 2025, the minimum data coverage requirement is at least 35 indicators in the Innovation Input Sub-Index and 15 indicators in the Innovation Output Sub-Index, with scores for at least two sub-pillars per pillar. In the GII 2025, 139 economies had sufficient data available to be included in the Index. They represent 93.6 percent of the world's population.[14] This year's conceptual framework includes 78 different indicators.[15]

The Global Innovation Index 2025 scores 139 countries and regions.[16]

Top 10 economies by income group
High-income economies (54 in total)
11 Switzerland
22 Sweden
33 United States
44 South Korea
55 Singapore
66 United Kingdom
77 Finland
88 Netherlands
99 Denmark
1011 Germany
Upper middle-income economies (36 in total)
110 China
234 Malaysia
343 Turkey
445 Thailand
552 Brazil
653 Mauritius
754 Serbia
855 Indonesia
956 Georgia
1058 Mexico
Lower middle-income economies (37 in total)
138 India
244 Vietnam
350 Philippines
457 Morocco
565 Jordan
676 Tunisia
779 Uzbekistan
886 Egypt
989 Senegal
1090 Lebanon
Low-income economies (11 in total)
1104 Rwanda
2117 Togo
3120 Madagascar
4124 Uganda
5125 Malawi
6126 Burkina Faso
7127 Burundi
8128 Mozambique
9134 Ethiopia
10135 Mali

2024 Ranking

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Movement in the Global Innovation Index top 10 countries and territories between 2018 and 2022

The Global Innovation Index 2024 scores 133 countries and regions.[17][18] The sorting order is in descending score.

RankCountry and regionScoreIncome group
 1  Switzerland67.5  High-income
 2  Sweden64.5  High-income
 3  United States62.4  High-income
 4  Singapore61.2  High-income
 5  United Kingdom61.0  High-income
 6  South Korea60.9  High-income
 7  Finland59.4  High-income
 8  Netherlands58.8  High-income
 9  Germany58.1  High-income
 10  Denmark57.1  High-income
 11  China56.3  Upper middle-income
 12  France55.4  High-income
 13  Japan54.1  High-income
 14  Canada52.9  High-income
 15  Israel52.7  High-income
 16  Estonia52.3  High-income
 17  Austria50.3  High-income
 18  Hong Kong50.1  High-income
 19  Ireland50.0  High-income
 20  Luxembourg49.1  High-income
 21  Norway49.1  High-income
 22  Iceland48.5  High-income
 23  Australia48.1  High-income
 24  Belgium47.7  High-income
 25  New Zealand45.9  High-income
 26  Italy45.3  High-income
 27  Cyprus45.1  High-income
 28  Spain44.9  High-income
 29  Malta44.8  High-income
 30  Czech Republic44.0  High-income
 31  Portugal43.7  High-income
 32  United Arab Emirates42.8  High-income
 33  Malaysia40.5  Upper middle-income
 34  Slovenia40.2  High-income
 35  Lithuania40.1  High-income
 36  Hungary39.6  High-income
 37  Turkey39.0  Upper middle-income
 38  Bulgaria38.5  High-income
 39  India38.3  Lower middle-income
 40  Poland37.0  High-income
 41  Thailand36.9  Upper middle-income
 42  Latvia36.4  High-income
 43  Croatia36.3  High-income
 44  Vietnam36.2  Lower middle-income
 45  Greece36.2  High-income
 46  Slovakia34.3  High-income
 47  Saudi Arabia33.9  High-income
 48  Romania33.4  High-income
 49  Qatar32.9  High-income
 50  Brazil32.7  Upper middle-income
 51  Chile32.6  High-income
 52  Serbia32.3  Upper middle-income
 53  Philippines31.1  Lower middle-income
 54  Indonesia30.6  Upper middle-income
 55  Mauritius30.6  Upper middle-income
 56  Mexico30.4  Upper middle-income
 57  Georgia30.4  Upper middle-income
 58  North Macedonia29.9  Upper middle-income
 59  Russia29.7  High-income
 60  Ukraine29.5  Lower middle-income
 61  Colombia29.2  Upper middle-income
 62  Uruguay29.1  High-income
 63  Armenia29.0  Upper middle-income
 64  Iran28.9  Lower middle-income
 65  Montenegro28.9  Upper middle-income
 66  Morocco28.8  Lower middle-income
 67  Mongolia28.7  Lower middle-income
 68  Moldova28.7  Upper middle-income
 69  South Africa28.3  Upper middle-income
 70  Costa Rica28.3  Upper middle-income
 71  Kuwait28.1  High-income
 72  Bahrain27.6  High-income
 73  Jordan27.5  Lower middle-income
 74  Oman27.1  High-income
 75  Peru26.7  Upper middle-income
 76  Argentina26.4  Upper middle-income
 77  Barbados26.1  High-income
 78  Kazakhstan25.7  Upper middle-income
 79  Jamaica25.7  Upper middle-income
 80  Bosnia and Herzegovina25.5  Upper middle-income
 81  Tunisia25.4  Lower middle-income
 82  Panama24.7  High-income
 83  Uzbekistan24.7  Lower middle-income
 84  Albania24.5  Upper middle-income
 85  Belarus24.2  Upper middle-income
 86  Egypt23.7  Lower middle-income
 87  Botswana23.1  Upper middle-income
 88  Brunei22.8  High-income
 89  Sri Lanka22.6  Lower middle-income
 90  Cape Verde22.3  Lower middle-income
 91  Pakistan22.0  Lower middle-income
 92  Senegal22.0  Lower middle-income
 93  Paraguay21.9  Upper middle-income
 94  Lebanon21.5  Lower middle-income
 95  Azerbaijan21.3  Upper middle-income
 96  Kenya21.0  Lower middle-income
 97  Dominican Republic20.8  Upper middle-income
 98  El Salvador20.6  Upper middle-income
 99  Kyrgyzstan20.4  Lower middle-income
 100  Bolivia20.2  Lower middle-income
 101  Ghana20.0  Lower middle-income
 102  Namibia20.0  Upper middle-income
 103  Cambodia19.9  Lower middle-income
 104  Rwanda19.7  Low-income
 105  Ecuador19.3  Upper middle-income
 106  Bangladesh19.1  Lower middle-income
 107  Tajikistan18.6  Lower middle-income
 108  Trinidad and Tobago18.4  High-income
 109  Nepal18.1  Lower middle-income
 110  Madagascar17.9  Low-income
 111  Laos17.8  Lower middle-income
 112  Ivory Coast17.5  Lower middle-income
 113  Nigeria17.1  Lower middle-income
 114  Honduras16.7  Lower middle-income
 115  Algeria16.2  Lower middle-income
 116  Zambia15.7  Lower middle-income
 117  Togo15.6  Low-income
 118  Zimbabwe15.6  Lower middle-income
 119  Benin15.4  Lower middle-income
 120  Tanzania15.3  Lower middle-income
 121  Uganda14.9  Low-income
 122  Guatemala14.6  Upper middle-income
 123  Cameroon14.4  Lower middle-income
 124  Nicaragua14.0  Lower middle-income
 125  Myanmar13.8  Lower middle-income
 126  Mauritania13.2  Lower middle-income
 127  Burundi13.2  Low-income
 128  Mozambique13.1  Low-income
 129  Burkina Faso12.8  Low-income
 130  Ethiopia12.3  Low-income
 131  Mali11.8  Low-income
 132  Niger11.2  Low-income
 133  Angola10.2  Lower middle-income

See also

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References

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  1. ^abcJean-Eric Aubert (editor) (2010).Innovation Policy: A Guide for Developing Countries. Washington, DC: World Bank.ISBN 9780821382691.
  2. ^Charles H. Matthews, Ralph Brueggemann (2015).Innovation and Entrepreneurship: A Competency Framework. London; New York: Routledge.ISBN 9780415742528.
  3. ^"UK ranked as world-leader in innovation". Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. 17 September 2015. Retrieved15 July 2016.
  4. ^"Academic Network – Portulans Institute".portulansinstitute.org. Retrieved15 November 2022.
  5. ^Soumitra Dutta, Bruno Lanvin, Sacha Wunsch-Vincent (editors) (2015).Global Innovation Index Report 2015. Fontainebleau; Ithaca; Geneva: INSEAD, Cornell and WIPO.ISBN 9782952221085. Archived 18 February 2016.
  6. ^"Republic Act No. 11293 : The Philippine Innovation Act declares the GII as a measure of innovation".lawphil.net. Retrieved15 November 2022.
  7. ^In July 2021, the Intellectual Property Strategy Headquarters, under the Japanese Prime Minister's Office, decided on the Intellectual Property Promotion Plan 2021, which set forth a plan of annual action related to intellectual property for all ministries and agencies. In the first part of the plan, WIPO's GII is cited (p. 5):https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/titeki2/kettei/chizaikeikaku20210713.pdf
  8. ^The GII is also cited throughout the official Malaysian Government report, the Twelfth Malaysia Plan (RMK12):https://rmke12.epu.gov.my/en.
  9. ^"Resolution No. 01/NQ-CP on solutions for implementation of socio economic development plan in 2021".LuatVietnam. Retrieved9 November 2022.
  10. ^"UK ranked as world-leader in innovation". Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. 17 September 2015. Retrieved15 July 2016.
  11. ^A/RES/74/229: Seventy-fourth session: Agenda item 20 (b): Globalization and interdependence: science, technology and innovation for sustainable development: Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2019. Accessed December 2021.
  12. ^Dašić, Predrag; Dašić, Jovan; Antanasković, Dejan; Pavićević, Nina (2020)."Statistical Analysis and Modeling of Global Innovation Index (GII) of Serbia". In Karabegović, Isak (ed.).New Technologies, Development and Application III. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Vol. 128. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 515–521.doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46817-0_59.ISBN 978-3-030-46817-0.S2CID 218917874.
  13. ^"Publications: Global Innovation Index". Wipo.int. Retrieved8 May 2022.
  14. ^"The Global Innovation Index. Appendix I – Conceptual and measurement framework of the Global Innovation Index".wipo.int. 2025. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under theCC BY 4.0 license.
  15. ^"Global Innovation Index 2025. Appendix III - Sources and definitions".wipo.int. 2025.
  16. ^"Global Innovation Index 2025 - GII 2025 results".wipo.int. 2025.
  17. ^WIPO."Global Innovation Index 2024, 17th Edition".www.wipo.int. Retrieved1 October 2024.
  18. ^Akhilesh, Kumar (12 June 2024)."Political Economy of STI in China: Analyzing Official Discourse on Science, Technology and Innovation-Driven Development in the Contemporary China".BRICS Journal of Economics.5 (2):131–154.doi:10.3897/brics-econ.5.e120897. Retrieved14 June 2024.
  •  This article incorporatestext available under theCC BY 4.0 license.

Further reading

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