| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Ursa Major[note 1] |
| GJ 414 A[1] | |
| Right ascension | 11h 11m 05.17s |
| Declination | +30° 26′ 45.7″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 8.864±0.012[2] |
| GJ 414 B[3] | |
| Right ascension | 11h 11m 02.54s |
| Declination | +30° 26′ 41.3″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 10[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Spectral type | K7V[1] |
| B−Vcolor index | 1.255[2] |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Spectral type | M2V[3] |
| B−Vcolor index | 2.41±0.34[2] |
| Astrometry | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −16.63[1] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 591.622±0.0812mas/yr[4] Dec.: −197.247±0.0911mas/yr[4] |
| Parallax (π) | 84.1766±0.0258 mas[1] |
| Distance | 38.75 ± 0.01 ly (11.880 ± 0.004 pc) |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −15.34[3] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 604.831±0.0806mas/yr[4] Dec.: −206.442±0.0751mas/yr[4] |
| Parallax (π) | 84.1554±0.0200 mas[3] |
| Distance | 38.756 ± 0.009 ly (11.883 ± 0.003 pc) |
| Details[2] | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Mass | 0.65±0.08 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.68±0.14 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.119±0.013 L☉ |
| Habitable zone inner limit | 0.37 AU |
| Habitable zone outer limit | 0.70 AU |
| Temperature | 4120±109 K |
| Metallicity[Fe/H] | 0.24±0.1 dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 3[5] km/s |
| Age | 12.4±5.2 Gyr |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Mass | 0.542±0.022 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.548±0.017 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.05 L☉ |
| Temperature | 3663±70 K |
| Metallicity[Fe/H] | 0.08±0.09 dex |
| Age | 11.2±5.9 Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| Gliese 414,HD 97101,LHS 2367, DO 14370, HIC 54646,HIP 54646, LFT 767, LTT 13009, NLTT 26534,2MASS J11110509+3026459,TIC 9001920,TYC 2520-2524-1, WDS J11111+3027A,WISEA J111105.67+302643.6,Gaia EDR3 732857558276385664[1] | |
| Position (relative to Gliese 414 A)[2] | |
| Component | Gliese 414 B |
| Angular distance | 34.34″ |
| Projected separation | 408AU |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
Gliese 414, also known asGJ 414, is abinary system made up of anorange dwarf and ared dwarf, located about 39light years from Earth, in the constellationUrsa Major.[6][note 1] With anapparent magnitude of 8.31, it is not visible to thenaked eye.[4][6] The primary component of the system has two knownexoplanets.[7]
The main component of the system, Gliese 414 A, is a relatively activeorange dwarf, about 68% the size of the Sun and 65% its mass.[2] Its age is estimated at 12.4 billion years, about two and a half times the age of theSolar System.[2] It is orbited by two known exoplanets, calledGliese 414 Ab andGliese 414 Ac.
The secondary component, Gliese 414 B, is ared dwarf of type M2V, that is 55% the size of the Sun and 54% its mass.[2] Unlike its companion star, Gliese 414 B is not orbited by any known planets.[6]
Thebinary star system is located in thenorthern hemisphere, approximately 38.8light years from Earth, in the direction of the constellationUrsa Major.[4][note 1] The closest star to the star system is CW Ursae Majoris, at a distance of 5.3 light-years.[6]
| Name | Distance (light-years) |
|---|---|
| CW Ursae Majoris | 5.3 |
| DS Leonis | 5.9 |
| 2MASS J10475+2124 | 7.8 |
| Gliese 1138 | 8.1 |
| Gliese 1134 | 8.3 |
The primary star, Gliese 414 A, is orbited by two exoplanets.[2] They were discovered in 2020 by analyzingradial velocity data fromKeck'sHIRES instrument and theAutomated Planet Finder atLick Observatory, as well asphotometric data fromKELT.[7][8]
The innermost planet,Gliese 414 Ab, orbits its star at an average distance of 0.23astronomical units, making it close to the optimistichabitable zone.[2] Its orbit iseccentric (e = 0.45), which causes the distance from its star to vary from 0.13 to 0.34 AU, and itsequilibrium temperature is calculated at 36 °C.[2] With aminimum mass of 7.6M🜨, it is likely to have a significantvolatile-rich envelope, thus being a poor candidate for habitability.[2][8]
The outermost planet,Gliese 414 Ac, is asuper-Neptune that orbits its star at a greater distance of 1.4 astronomical units, which makes it a frigid planet, having an equilibrium temperature of about -150 °C.[2] It is a good candidate for futuredirect imaging missions.[2][7][8]
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | ≥7.6+2.44 −2.19 M🜨 | 0.232±0.01 | 50.8+0.01 −0.26 | 0.45+0.19 −0.22 | — | 2.63+1.22 −0.85 R🜨 |
| c | ≥53.83+9.18 −8.58 M🜨 | 1.4+0.055 −0.06 | 749.83+4.35 −3.63 | 0.105+0.110 −0.703 | — | 8.4+3.6 −2.5 R🜨 |
