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Gironde

Coordinates:44°50′N0°40′W / 44.833°N 0.667°W /44.833; -0.667
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Department of France
For other uses, seeGironde (disambiguation).
Department of France in Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Gironde
Gironda (Occitan)
Prefecture building in Bordeaux
Prefecture building inBordeaux
Flag of Gironde
Flag
Coat of arms of Gironde
Coat of arms
Location of Gironde in France
Location of Gironde in France
Coordinates:44°50′N0°40′W / 44.833°N 0.667°W /44.833; -0.667
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
PrefectureBordeaux
SubprefecturesArcachon
Blaye
Langon
Lesparre-Médoc
Libourne
Government
 • President of the Departmental CouncilJean-Luc Gleyze[1] (PS)
Area
 • Total
10,725 km2 (4,141 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[2]
 • Total
1,674,980
 • Rank6th
 • Density156.18/km2 (404.49/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeFR-33
Department number33
Arrondissements6
Cantons33
Communes535
^1 French Land Register data, which excludes estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2.

Gironde (/ʒɪˈrɒnd/zhih-ROND,[3]US usually/dʒɪˈ-/jih-;[4][5]French:[ʒiʁɔ̃d]ⓘ;Occitan:Gironda,pronounced[dʒiˈɾundɔ]) is the largestdepartment in the southwestern Frenchregion ofNouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after theGironde estuary, a major waterway, itsprefecture isBordeaux. In 2019, it had a population of 1,623,749.[6] The famousBordeaux wine region is in Gironde. It hassix arrondissements, making it one of thedepartments with the most arrondissements (Nord also has six, whilePas-de-Calais has the most of any department, with seven).

History

[edit]

Gironde is one of the original 83 departments created during theFrench Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of theformer provinces ofGuyenne andGascony.

From 1793 to 1795, the department's name was changed toBec-d'Ambès to avoid the association with theGirondist political party of the French Revolution.

In July 2022, Gironde was affected bylarge wildfires.[7]

Geography

[edit]

Gironde is part of the current region ofNouvelle-Aquitaine and is surrounded by the departments ofLandes,Lot-et-Garonne,Dordogne andCharente-Maritime and theAtlantic Ocean on the west. With an area of 10,000 km2, Gironde is the largest department inmetropolitan France, and the second-largest in entireFrance. Its size is larger thanLebanon or the province ofBanten. If overseas departments are included, however, Gironde's land area is dwarfed by the 83,846 km2 ofFrench Guiana.

Gironde is well known for theCôte d'Argent beach which is Europe's longest, attracting manysurfers toLacanau each year. It is also the birthplace ofJacques-Yves Cousteau who studied the sea and all forms of life in water.

The Great Dune of Pyla inArcachon Bay near Bordeaux is the tallest sand dune in Europe.[8]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1801502,723—    
1806522,371+0.77%
1821522,041−0.00%
1831554,225+0.60%
1841568,034+0.25%
1851614,387+0.79%
1861667,193+0.83%
1872705,149+0.50%
1881748,703+0.67%
1891793,528+0.58%
1901821,131+0.34%
1911829,095+0.10%
1921819,128−0.12%
1931852,768+0.40%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1936850,567−0.05%
1946858,381+0.09%
1954896,517+0.54%
1962935,448+0.53%
19681,009,390+1.28%
19751,061,480+0.72%
19821,127,546+0.87%
19901,213,499+0.92%
19991,287,532+0.66%
20061,393,758+1.14%
20111,463,662+0.98%
20161,566,679+1.37%
20221,674,980+1.12%
source:[9][10]

Principal towns

[edit]

The most populous commune isBordeaux, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 7 communes with more than 30,000 inhabitants:[6]

CommunePopulation (2019)
Bordeaux260,958
Mérignac72,197
Pessac65,245
Talence43,820
Villenave-d'Ornon36,754
Saint-Médard-en-Jalles31,808
Bègles30,642

Politics

[edit]

The President of theDepartmental Council is Jean-Luc Gleyze of theSocialist Party.

Partyseats
•Socialist Party45
The Republicans12
•French Communist Party3
Miscellaneous Right1
MoDem1
Hunting, Fishing, Nature, Tradition1

Current National Assembly Representatives

[edit]
ConstituencyMember[11]Party
Gironde's 1st constituencyDominique DavidLa République En Marche!
Gironde's 2nd constituencyCatherine FabreLa République En Marche!
Gironde's 3rd constituencyLoïc Prud'hommeLa France Insoumise
Gironde's 4th constituencyAlain DavidSocialist Party
Gironde's 5th constituencyBenoît SimianLa République En Marche!
Gironde's 6th constituencyÉric PoulliatLa République En Marche!
Gironde's 7th constituencyBérangère CouillardLa République En Marche!
Gironde's 8th constituencySophie PanonacleLa République En Marche!
Gironde's 9th constituencySophie MetteMoDem
Gironde's 10th constituencyFlorent BoudiéLa République En Marche!
Gironde's 11th constituencyEdwige DiazNational Rally
Gironde's 12th constituencyChristelle DubosLa République En Marche!

Tourism

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux".data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 4 May 2022.
  2. ^"Populations de référence 2022" (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
  3. ^"Gironde".Lexico UK English Dictionary.Oxford University Press. Archived fromthe original on 2020-08-01.
  4. ^"Gironde".Collins English Dictionary.HarperCollins. Retrieved28 August 2019.
  5. ^"Gironde".Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved28 August 2019.
  6. ^abPopulations légales 2019: 33 Gironde, INSEE
  7. ^"Wildfires in Gironde, France, burn through 10,000 hectares".Sky News. Retrieved2022-07-18.
  8. ^C.G. (14 August 2009). Les Adresses de Mathilde Seigner et Fabien Onteniente.Le Figaro Magazine.(in French)
  9. ^"Historique de la Gironde".Le SPLAF.
  10. ^"Évolution et structure de la population en 2016". INSEE.
  11. ^Nationale, Assemblée."Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français".Assemblée nationale.

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toGironde.
Metropolitan
Overseas
Special
  • 69MLyon(collectivity with special status)
  • 75Paris(collectivity with special status)
Former
International
National
Geographic
Other
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