Giridih Girīḍīh | |
|---|---|
.svg) Location in Giridih District | |
 Interactive map of Giridih | |
| Coordinates:24°10′12″N86°18′36″E / 24.17000°N 86.31000°E /24.17000; 86.31000 | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Jharkhand |
| District | Giridih |
| Subdivision | Giridih Sadar |
| Headquarters | Giridih |
| Panchayat | 40 (2nd) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Federal democracy |
| • Block Development Officer | Ganesh Rajak |
| • Circle Officer | Md. Ashlam |
| Area | |
• Total | 380.06 km2 (146.74 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 7th |
| Elevation | 298 m (978 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 372,570 |
| • Rank | 1st |
| • Density | 980.29/km2 (2,538.9/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 1st |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi,Urdu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 815301 (Giridih Town) 815302 (Giridih Other) |
| Telephone/STD code | 06532 |
| Vehicle registration | JH-11 |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Giridih |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Giridih |
| Literacy | 70.12% |
| Sex Ratio | 935 |
| Website | giridih |
Giridih is acommunity development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in theGiridih Sadar subdivision of theGiridih district in theIndianstate ofJharkhand.
Giridih is a plateau region. The western portion of the district is part of a larger central plateau. The rest of the district is a lower plateau, a flat table land with an elevation of about 1,300 feet. At the edges, the ghats drop to about 700 feet. The Pareshnath Hills orShikharji rises to a height of 4,480 feet in the south-eastern part of the district. The district is thickly forested. Amongst the natural resources, it has coal and mica.[1][2] Inaugurating thePradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana in 2016,Raghubar Das, Chief Minister of Jharkhand, had indicated that there were 23lakhBPL families in Jharkhand.[3] There was a plan to bring the BPL proportion in the total population down to 35%.[4]
Jharkhand is one of the states affected byMaoist activities. As of 2012[update], Giridih was one of the 14 highly affected districts in the state.[5]As of 2016[update], Giridih was identified as one of the 13 focus areas by the state police to check Maoist activities.[6] In 2017, the Moists, in Giridih district, have torched more than 50 vehicles engaged in road construction or carrying goods.[7]
Paratdih, a constituent census town of Giridih CD block, is located at24°10′12″N86°18′36″E / 24.17000°N 86.31000°E /24.17000; 86.31000.
Giridih CD block is bounded byJamua andBengabad CD blocks on the north,Gandey CD block on the east,Tundi CD block, in Dhanbad district, across theBarakar River,Pirtand andDumri CD blocks on the south andBirni CD Block on the west.[8][9]
Giridih CD block has an area of 404.55 km2. It has 40gram panchayats, 211 inhabited villages and 7census towns.Giridih police station serves this block.[10] Headquarters of this CD block is atGiridih. 29.45% of the area has forest cover.[8][11]
Rivers in Giridih CD block areBarakar, Pathri, Kurgi, Usri and Khaki.[11]
Gram panchayats in Giridih CD block are: Pahadpur, Sindwariya, Leda, Bajto, Algunda, Senadoni, Jitpur, Badgunda Khurd, Berdonga, Palmo, Barhmoriya, Karharbari, Telodih, Khawa, Pindatand, Sikdardih, Parsatand, Maheshlundi, Akdoni Kala, Matrukha, Purnanagar, Chunjka, Akdoni Khurd, Yogitand, Baxidih, Chaitadih, Bhandardih, Sihodih, Sirsiya, Pandeydih, Mangrodih, Paratdih, Patrodih, Dadidih, Harsinghraidih, Udnabad, Mohanpur, Gadi Srirampur, Jaspur and Fulchi.[11]
According to the2011 Census of India Giridih CD block had a total population of 258,037, of which 208,260 were rural and 49,777 were urban. There were 133,345 (52%) males and 124,692 (48%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 49,452.Scheduled Castes numbered 49,252 (19.09%) andScheduled Tribes numbered 31,267 (12.12%).[12]
Census towns in Giridih CD block were (2011 figures in brackets):Telodih (6,970),Sirsia (7,181),Maheshmunda (7,389),Akdoni Khurd (6,321),Dandidih (7,769),Paratdih (8,854) andPertodih (5,293).[12]
As of 2011[update] census the total number of literate persons in Giridih CD block was 131,865 (63.22% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 80,135 (74.29% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 51,730 (51.36% of the female population over 6 years). Thegender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 22.93%.[12]
As of 2011[update] census, literacy in Giridih district was 63.14%[13] Literacy in Jharkhand was 66.41% in 2011.[13] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[14]
See also –List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate
| Literacy in CD Blocks of Giridih district |
|---|
| Giridih subdivision |
| Giridih - 63.22% |
| Gandey - 56.30% |
| Bengabad - 59.33% |
| Dumri subdivision |
| Dumri - 63.55% |
| Pirtand - 47.22% |
| Bagodar Saria subdivision |
| Bagodar - 64.43% |
| Suriya - 66.25% |
| Birni - 61.47% |
| Khori Mahua subdivision |
| Dhanwar - 65.44% |
| Jamua - 63.99% |
| Deori - 62.54% |
| Tisri - 55.27% |
| Gawan - 60.94 % |
| Source: 2011 Census: CD Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data |
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 73.26% | |||
| Islam | 24.81% | |||
| Other* | 0.80% | |||
| Christianity | 0.70% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.43% | |||
| *mainly tribal religions likeSarna | ||||
Khortha is the main spoken language.Hindi is the official language.Urdu andSantali are also spoken.
40-50% of the population of Giridih district were in theBPL category in 2004–2005, being in the same category as Godda, Koderma and Hazaribagh districts.[17] Rural poverty in Jharkhand declined from 66% in 1993–94 to 46% in 2004–05. In 2011, it has come down to 39.1%.[18]
In Giridih CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 12,706 and formed 18.11%, agricultural labourers numbered 15,571 and formed 22.20%, household industry workers numbered 2,706 and formed 3.86% and other workers numbered 39,159 and formed 55.83%. Total workers numbered 70,142 and formed 33.68% of the rural population, and non-workers numbered 138,118 and formed 66.32% of the population.[19]
Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under theFactories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[20]
There are 211 inhabited villages in Giridih CD block. In 2011, 86 villages had power supply. 32 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 200 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 193 villages had hand pumps, and all villages had drinking water facility. 34 villages had post offices, 15 villages had a sub post office, 12 villages had telephones (land lines) and 81 villages had mobile phone coverage. 205 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 17 villages had bus service (public/ private), 31 villages hadautos/ modified autos, and 81 villages had tractors. 21 villages had bank branches, 9 villages had agricultural credit societies, no village had cinema/ video halls, 1 village had public library and public reading room. 78 villages hadpublic distribution system, 6 villages had weekly haat (market) and 125 villages hadassemblypolling stations.[21]
Hills occupy a large portion of Giridih district. The soil is generally rocky and sandy and that helps jungles and bushes to grow. The forest area, forming a large portion of total area, in the district is evenly distributed all over. Some areas near the rivers havealluvial soil. In Giridih CD block, the percentage of cultivable area to total area is 42.31%. The percentage of cultivable area to the total area for the district, as a whole, is 27.04%. Irrigation is inadequate. The percentage of irrigated area to cultivable area in Giridih CD block is 2.63%. May to October is theKharif season, followed by theRabi season. Rice, sown in 50% of the gross sown area, is the main crop in the district. Other important crops grown are: maize, wheat, sugar cane, pulses and vegetables.[22]
Giridih CD block covers a major part of coal mining activity in the district.[11] TheEast Indian Railway Company started coal mining inGiridih Coalfield in 1871 to meet its own requirements.[23] The oldest coal mine in Chotanagpur, covering an area of 28.47 km2., is located near the town ofGiridih.[24]
Giridih district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from theBackward Regions Grant Fund. The fund created by the Government of India is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.[25][26]
National Highway 114A, running fromRampurhat onNH 14 toDumri onNH 19 (old NH2)/Grand Trunk Road and State Highway 13 (Jharkhand), running fromKoderma toGobindpur onNH 16, crosses at Giridih.[27]
Madhupur–Giridih–Koderma line | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Madhupur-Giridih-Koderma line passes through this block.Giridih railway station is on this line. Other railway stations in Giridih are: Krishna Ballabh Sahay Halt and Maheshmunda.[28]
Giridih CD block had 59 villages with pre-primary schools, 176 villages with primary schools, 81 villages with middle schools, 9 villages with secondary schools, 4 villages with senior secondary schools, 30 villages with no educational facility.[29]
.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand
Giridih CD block had 3 villages withprimary health centres, 28 villages with primary health subcentres, 16 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 3 villages with allopathic hospitals, 9 villages with dispensaries, 9 villages with family welfare centres, 16 villages with medicine shops.[29]
.*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included
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Giridih travel guide from Wikivoyage