Giovanni Paolo Panini | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Panini by Louis Gabriel Blanchet | |
| Born | (1691-06-17)17 June 1691 |
| Died | 21 October 1765(1765-10-21) (aged 74) |
| Other names | Gian Paolo Panini/Pannini |
| Movement | Baroque |
Giovanni Paolo, also known asGian Paolo Panini orPannini (17 June 1691 – 21 October 1765), was anItalian Baroque painter andarchitect who worked in Rome and is primarily known as one of thevedutisti ("view painters"). As a painter, Panini is best known for his vistas of Rome, in which he took a particular interest in the city's antiquities. Among his most famous works are his view of the interior of thePantheon (on behalf ofFrancesco Algarotti), and hisvedute—paintings of picture galleries containing views of Rome. Most of his works, especially those of ruins, have a fanciful and unreal embellishment characteristic ofcapriccio themes. In this they resemble thecapricci ofMarco Ricci. Panini also painted portraits, including one ofPope Benedict XIV.[1]
As a young man, Panini trained in his native town ofPiacenza, underGiuseppe Natali andAndrea Galluzzi, and with stage designerFrancesco Galli-Bibiena. In 1711, he moved toRome, where he studied drawing withBenedetto Luti.
In 1724 he married Miss Gossert, sister-in-law ofWengkels, director of theFrench Academy in Rome, with whom he had two sons:Giuseppe Pannini (Rome, 1720-1812),[2][3][4] the architect, andFrancesco Panini (Rome, 1745 - 1812), the painter, who followed in his father's footsteps and manners.
In Rome, Panini earned a name for himself as a decorator of palaces. Some of his works included the Villa Patrizi (1719–1725), the Palazzo de Carolis (1720), and theSeminario Romano (1721–1722). In 1719, Panini was admitted to theCongregazione dei Virtuosi al Pantheon. He taught in Rome at theAccademia di San Luca and theAcadémie de France, where he is said to have influencedJean-Honoré Fragonard. In 1754, he served as the prince (director) of theAccademia di San Luca.
The Spanish monarchs appreciated his work in such a way that, commissioned byFilippo Juvarra, he sent paintings to decorate the Lacquer Room of theRoyal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso. In addition,King Carlos IV, when he was Prince, bought several of his works that are still preserved in thePrado Museum and in the royal palaces.[5]
Panini died in Rome on 21 October 1765.[1]
Panini's studio includedHubert Robert and his son Francesco Panini. His style influenced other vedutisti, such as his pupilsAntonio Joli andCharles-Louis Clérisseau, as well asCanaletto andBernardo Bellotto, who sought to meet the need of visitors for painted "postcards" depicting the Italian environs.[citation needed] Some British landscape painters, such as Marlow, Skelton and Wright of Derby, also imitated his capricci.[citation needed]
In addition to being a painter and architect, Panini was a professor of perspective and optics at the French Academy of Rome. His masterful use of perspective was later the inspiration for the creation of the "Panini Projection", which is instrumental in rendering panoramic views.[1][2]
Panini's works are held in the permanent collections of many museums worldwide, including thePrado Museum,[5] theLouvre,[6] theMuseo Nazionale di Capodimonte,[7] theMuseo Thyssen-Bornemisza,[7] theHermitage,[7] thePushkin Museum,[7] theStaatsgalerie Stuttgart,[7] theStaatliche Museen,[7] thePalazzo del Quirinale,[7] theToledo Museum of Art,[8] theUniversity of Michigan Museum of Art,[9] theBrooklyn Museum,[10] theSaint Louis Art Museum,[11] theDetroit Institute of Arts,[12] theMuseum of Fine Arts Boston,[13] theGetty Center,[14] theMetropolitan Museum of Art,[15] theNelson-Atkins Museum of Art,[16] theVirginia Museum of Fine Arts,[17] theWalters Art Museum,[18] theHarvard Art Museums,[19] thePhiladelphia Museum of Art,[20] and theIndianapolis Museum of Art.[21]
_-_Marcus_Curtius_Leaping_into_the_Gulf_-_207_-_Fitzwilliam_Museum.jpg)
_Giovanni_Paolo_Pannini%2c_Apollo_e_Marsia_(cropped).jpg)
_-_Capriccio_of_Roman_Ruins_with_the_Colosseum_-_PD.107-1992_-_Fitzwilliam_Museum.jpg)
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{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)Translated: Of his sons, Giuseppe (Rome 1720 - 1812), was architect and archaeologist, Francesco (Rome 1725 circa - there after 1794), collaborator of his father, was the author of views for engravings.
Translated: In 1724 he had married Miss Gossert, sister-in-law of Wengkels, director of the French Academy, with whom he had two sons: Giuseppe the architect and Francesco the painter, who followed in his father's footsteps and manners.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
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