Ghardaïa (Arabic:ولاية غرداية) is an Algerian province located in the north of theAlgerian desert. Its administrative center is the city ofGhardaia, located 600 km (370 mi) south of the capitalAlgiers. Its total area is estimated at 21,224.03 km2 (8,194.64 sq mi), 138 km (86 mi) from north to south, and 200 to 250 km (120 to 160 mi) from east to west. It rises 486 m (1,594 ft) above sea level.
The province is bordered by the province ofDjelfa and the province ofLaghouat to the north, the province ofEl Menia in the south, the province ofOuargla to the east and the province ofEl Bayadh in the west.
Since the state is located indesert areas, the climate of the region is arid desert, the temperature range is wide between day and night, and between winter and summer; the winter temperature ranges between 1 and 25 °C (34 and 77 °F), and between 18 and 48 °C (64 and 118 °F) in summer. The weather is fair in spring and autumn, and the sky is clear most days of the year.
The average rainfall in the state is about 60 mm (2.4 in) annually, mostly in the winter season. How much cold northwesterly winds blow in the winter and south-westerly winds laden with sand in the spring and in the summer a hot south known asSirocco.
2015 - Violence causing the death of over 20 citizens as a result of ethnic tension between "Bani Mzab and Arab Bedouin from various branches of the Chaamba tribe".[6]
"Aghlan" is the name the BeniMzab have given to their region. Its geographical borders are as follows: Oued Bouzbyar in the North, Oued Zergoun in the west. TheMzab includesZelfana andGuerrara in the east and is merged to the region ofChaamba in the south. The area is approximately 38,000 km2 (15,000 sq mi).
During the 8th century AD, 2nd century Hegira (according toCheikh Abi Ishak Tfyeche) thé BeniMzab settled on the banks of the oued or Valley to which they gave their name. The first inhabitants of the area had been nomadic or semi-nomadic. Many old small built-up areas, fallen into ruins long time ago, can be counted: in nearbyal Atteuf we mention Agharm Netlazdit, Oukheira, and Aoulaoual, Tmazzert once existed nearBounoura and Agharm Enwadday has preceded the present city ofMelika.Not far fromTafilalt were the towns of Mourki. Tirichine, Tlet Moussa, Agnounay and Boukyaou.
The final settling process of Beni Mzab along with the emergency of the three following cities: ElAtteuf, which was settled in 1012;Bounoura in 1065,Ghardaia settled in 1085; and more than two centuries later. In 1321,Tafilalt expanded and integrated the inhabitants of its neighboring villages and is named since thenBeni Isgeun. In 1355,Melika succeed Agharm Enwadday. This way the Mzabpentapolis was born.
Three centuries later, in 1631, the town ofGuerrara was founded 90 km (56 mi) northeast of the pentapolis and 60 years later the town ofBerriane was founded 40 km (25 mi) north of the pentapolis.
Now and since the last administrative division (in 1984) the seven Mzabite towns have been reduced into five municipalities in the province of Ghardaia.
The position ofWali ofGhardaia was held by many national political figures since its establishment on 4 February 1984 under Law No. 84-09 which reorganized theAlgerian territories by increasing the number of provinces from 31 to 48.
The state ofGhardaia is characterized by the presence of aroad transport network, represented by a network ofhighways. In addition to that, there exists a huge fleet of large and smallbuses,yellow taxis, and others.
The state of Ghardaia is characterized by a wide road network that connects the regions of the state with each other, as well as the state of Ghardaia, with the neighboring states, as well as the highway (north-south).
State Road No. 33 The link between the municipality ofBerriane andEl Guerrara
State Road No. 105 The link between the municipality ofEl Atteuf and the national road n ° 01
State Road No. 105B Avoidance road to the municipality ofEl Atteuf
State Road No. 106 The link between the municipality ofSebseb, via the municipality ofMetlili, to the national road N° 01
State Road No. 147 The link between the municipality ofDhayet Bendhahoua, passing through the municipality ofGhardaia andBounoura, up to the national road No. 01
State Road No. 201 The link between the municipality ofZelfana andEl Guerrara
State Road No. 347 The link between the municipality ofEl Guerrara andGuettara
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