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Geyve | |
|---|---|
 Map showing Geyve District in Sakarya Province | |
  Geyve Location in Turkey Show map of Turkey Geyve Geyve (Marmara) Show map of Marmara | |
| Coordinates:40°30′32″N30°17′24″E / 40.50889°N 30.29000°E /40.50889; 30.29000 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Sakarya |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Selçuk Yildiz (YRP) |
Area | 662 km2 (256 sq mi) |
| Population (2022)[1] | 50,799 |
| • Density | 77/km2 (200/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 54700 |
| Area code | 0264 |
| Climate | Csa |
| Website | www |
Geyve is a municipality anddistrict ofSakarya Province,Turkey.[2] Its area is 662 km2,[3] and its population is 50,799 (2022).[1] The closest international airport is IstanbulSabiha Gökçen International Airport, 139 km (86 mi) from Geyve. It is the largest district of Sakarya Province in terms of area. Geyve is located at the foot of Geyve Gorge, which is set between two mountain ranges and lies along theSakarya River. Geyve region has an impressive green landscape and productive nature. Geyve is relatively close to many important cities in Turkey; 179 km (111 mi) toIstanbul, 30 km toAdapazarı, 75 km (47 mi) toIzmit, 139 km toBursa, 156 km (97 mi) toEskişehir, 167 km (104 mi) toBolu by road.
The highest point of Geyve is Cine Tasi Hill at 1,040 m (3,410 ft) and the town center elevation is 124 m (407 ft). The third longest river in Turkey,Sakarya River runs through Geyve and it is perceived as an important inspiration of the town.
Geyve lies on theNorth Anatolian Fault System. According to historical records, many devastating earthquakes have occurred in the last two millennia along the surrounding area. A detailed study is provided atSegment Structure of the Southern Strand of the North Anatolian Fault System and Paleoseismic Behaviour of the Gemlik Fault, NW Anatolia
In recent history, on 22 July 1967, a strong, 7.2Richter magnitude scale earthquake hit Geyve and had given considerable damage to the town. On 17 August 1999, Geyve, despite the proximity to epicenter of earthquake, was not destroyed as the neighboring Adapazarı andGölcük. Unfortunately, Turkish earthquake scientists had made several worrying reports that the next expected Marmara earthquake could impact Geyve andAkyazı region as there had been an additional fault under Geyve, which had not broken in the last 300 years. Some of the Turkish media reports regarding the statements can be found at the following links;[1],[2]
Sakarya River is passing through Geyve, and is one of the important water sources for the land/agriculture. Geyve Karaçay Creek is also passing through the town center. On June 6, 2014, Geyve has experienced a significant flooding caused by Karaçay Creek after heavy rain, resulting in tremendous destruction and one fatality.
Geyve has ahot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen:Csa),[4] with hot, dry summers, and cool, damp winters.
| Climate data for Geyve (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.9 (48.0) | 11.1 (52.0) | 14.6 (58.3) | 19.7 (67.5) | 24.3 (75.7) | 28.3 (82.9) | 30.4 (86.7) | 30.9 (87.6) | 27.4 (81.3) | 22.0 (71.6) | 15.9 (60.6) | 10.5 (50.9) | 20.4 (68.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.1 (39.4) | 5.4 (41.7) | 8.2 (46.8) | 12.5 (54.5) | 17.4 (63.3) | 21.5 (70.7) | 23.9 (75.0) | 24.2 (75.6) | 20.1 (68.2) | 15.3 (59.5) | 9.5 (49.1) | 5.6 (42.1) | 14.0 (57.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.7 (33.3) | 1.4 (34.5) | 3.5 (38.3) | 6.9 (44.4) | 11.3 (52.3) | 15.1 (59.2) | 17.5 (63.5) | 18.0 (64.4) | 14.0 (57.2) | 10.1 (50.2) | 4.9 (40.8) | 2.2 (36.0) | 8.8 (47.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 77.07 (3.03) | 60.92 (2.40) | 63.2 (2.49) | 50.6 (1.99) | 44.88 (1.77) | 51.78 (2.04) | 25.17 (0.99) | 16.54 (0.65) | 31.57 (1.24) | 59.67 (2.35) | 53.08 (2.09) | 86.57 (3.41) | 621.05 (24.45) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 10.3 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 11.0 | 84.8 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 80.9 | 77.9 | 74.1 | 71.0 | 71.0 | 68.9 | 67.6 | 68.2 | 70.2 | 76.9 | 80.2 | 81.9 | 74.0 |
| Source:NOAA[5] | |||||||||||||
Geyve's economy is centered in agriculture as it has a productive agricultural land. It has a mild transitional climate, carrying mixed characteristics ofMediterranean, Black Sea and Inland Anatolian climates. Geyve's climate, the Sakarya River, and its productive land allow the varieties of fruits, vegetables and grains to be produced in Geyve. Sakarya River is the main vessel of town's agriculture. Especially, the quince, cherry, apple, peach and grape of Geyve are quite well known in local andIstanbul markets.
Since the end of the 1990s, Geyve has been a popular trekking destination, presenting different routes especially with its proximity to Istanbul.
Alifuatpaşa Train Station was serving Geyve for over 100 years until February 2012 when Ankara-Istanbul railway was closed forAnkara-Istanbul high-speed railway construction.Ankara-Istanbul high-speed railway, which is expected to be finished by 2014, will run through Geyve. Even though it is not certain, the high-speed train is expected to stop at the neighboring towns,Pamukova andArifiye.
There is not enough scientific evidence available regarding the first settlers of Geyve. The ruins around the region do not survive, but it is almost certain that Geyve is an historical settlement dating back thousands of years. There are different claims that its origin goes to 4000 BC, and even some sources to 10000 BC.[6] Geyve region has been inhabited byPhrygians,Hittites,Lydians,Romans,Armenians,Byzantines,Turks and many other civilizations since prehistoric times. Many historical evidence fromByzantine andRoman Empire era have been discovered in Geyve.[7] Geyve was known to be one of the earlyOttoman conquests. It was conquered byOsman Gazi (reigned c. 1299–1323/4), firstOttoman Sultan, in the 14th century from theByzantine Empire.
The demography of the town has been significantly impacted by thepopulation exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923. According to the Ottoman General Census of 1881/82-1893, thekaza of Geyve had a total population of 32,607, consisting of 22,133 Muslims, 5,873Armenians, 4,520Greeks, 79Protestants, 1Jew and 1 foreign citizen.[8] Several old photographs and evidence have been collected by a local researcher-collector in the following link.[9]
The origin of Geyve's name is controversial.Evliya Çelebi, famousOttoman traveller, in hisSeyahatnâme states that Geyve's name comes from theByzantine princess named Geyve.
Geyve has also been important as it was on the historicalSilk Road orSilk Route. Geyve–Tarakli road can still be accessed, even though the road lost its importance.
Geyve was one of the symbolic towns in theTurkish War of Independence (1919–1923). Geyve Gorge had a strategic importance during the War of Independence. Alifuatpaşa, Geyve is one of the first resistance fronts of the war, commanded and led byAli Fuat Cebesoy against British Army heading to Anatolia. The founder of theTurkish Republic,Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, visited Geyve two times in 1920 and 1922 during the War of Independence.[10]
The most significant landmark of the town, the old bridge over Sakarya River in Alifuatpasa, was constructed in the era of SultanBayezid II ofOttoman Empire (reigned 1481–1512). The bridge was kept well by Ottoman Sultans as the bridge is strategically located on theSilk Road. One of the oldest photographs of the bridge (from around 1888) by a Swedish photographer,Guillaume Berggren, is depicted in theNational Gallery of Canada.
Another significant landmark isElvanbey Imarethanesi (public kitchen), which was constructed in 1451 by Elvanbey. It was told to be serving to the travelingdervishes ofAnatolia. The building was used as Geyve Public Library between 1969 and 2013. In 2013, the building was converted to a museum.
The neighboring town ofTaraklı presents the examples of Ottoman houses that presents examples of Ottoman style wooden houses. The well knownLake Sapanca is 32 km from Geyve.
TheDoğançay Waterfall is anatural monument located in Maksudiye village of Geyve.[11]
There are 73neighbourhoods in Geyve District:[12]
One of the most prominent generals of Turkish War of Independence,Ali Fuat Cebesoy was buried in Alifuatpaşa, Geyve, when he died at the age of 86 in 1968. In accordance with his will, he was buried to the backyard of a mosque near Geyve train station, where the first shots of the Turkish War of Independence were fired.
The former coach ofFenerbahce S.K.,Aykut Kocaman and the former Fenerbahce S.K. presidentTahsin Kaya was born in Geyve.
Roses of Geyve (Geyve'nin Gülleri) was cited in the famous poem ofSezai Karakoç'sMona Roza.
