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German submarineU-436

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German World War II submarine

History

Nazi Germany
Name	U-436
Ordered	16 October 1939
Builder	Schichau-Werke,Danzig
Yard number	1478
Laid down	25 April 1940
Launched	21 June 1941
Commissioned	27 September 1941
Fate	Sunk on 26 May 1943^[1]
General characteristics
Class & type	Type VIIC submarine
Displacement	769tonnes (757long tons) surfaced 871 t (857 long tons) submerged
Length	67.10 m (220 ft 2 in)o/a 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in)pressure hull
Beam	6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height	9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught	4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Installed power	2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels) 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion	2 shafts 2 ×diesel engines 2 ×electric motors
Speed	17.7knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range	8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth	230 m (750 ft) Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement	4 officers, 40–56 enlisted
Armament	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in)torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern) 14 ×torpedoes 1 ×8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun (220 rounds) 1 x2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 AA gun
Service record^[2]
Part of:	5th U-boat Flotilla 27 September 1941 – 31 January 1942 7th U-boat Flotilla 1 February – 30 June 1942 11th U-boat Flotilla 1 July – 31 August 1942 6th U-boat Flotilla 1 September 1942 – 26 May 1943
Identification codes:	M 17 108
Commanders:	Kptlt. Günther Seibicke 27 September 1941 – 26 May 1943
Operations:	8 patrols: 1st patrol: 2 – 17 February 1942 2nd patrol: 26 February – 24 March 1942 3rd patrol: 7 – 20 April 1942 4th patrol: 29 April – 4 May 1942 5th patrol: a. 12 – 27 May 1942 b. 30 May – 1 June 1942 c. 7 – 11 June 1942 d. 12 – 13 June 1942 e. 20 – 21 September 1942 6th patrol: 6 October – 12 November 1942 7th patrol: 17 December 1942 – 19 February 1943 8th patrol: 25 April – 26 May 1943
Victories:	6 merchant ships sunk (36,208 GRT) 1 warship sunk (291 tons) 2 merchant ships damaged (15,575 GRT)

German submarineU-436 was aType VIIC U-boat ofNazi Germany'sKriegsmarine duringWorld War II.

She carried out eight patrols.

She sank seven ships, total 36,208 gross register tons (GRT) and 291 tons; Two ships were damaged, totalling 15,575 GRT.

She was a member of tenwolfpacks.

She was sunk by Allied warships in mid-Atlantic on 26 May 1943.

Design

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German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorterType VIIB submarines.U-436 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.^[3] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), apressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), abeam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and adraught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by twoGermaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylindersupercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, twoAEG GU 460/8–27double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft)propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).^[3]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).^[3] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).U-436 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in)torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteentorpedoes, one8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had acomplement of between forty-four and sixty.^[3]

Service history

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The submarine waslaid down on 25 April 1940 atSchichau-Werke inDanzig (now Gdansk, Poland) as yard number 1478,launched on 21 June 1941 andcommissioned on 27 September 1941 under the command ofKapitänleutnantGünther Seibicke.

She served with the5th U-boat Flotilla from 27 September 1941 for training and the7th flotilla from 1 February 1942 for operations. She was reassigned, first to the11th flotilla on 1 July, then the6th flotilla on 1 September.

First patrol

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U-436's first patrol was fromKiel in Germany and took in theNorwegian andBarents Seas. She docked atKirkenes, not far from the border between Norway and the Soviet Union on 17 February 1942.

Second and third patrols

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The boat's initial success came when she sank the Soviet trawlerRT-19 Komitern on 1 March 1942 east ofMurmansk.

The submarine's third sortie commenced with her departure from Kirkenes on 7 April 1942. On the 13th, she sank the SovietKiev north of theNorth Cape. The vessel went down in seven minutes.

Fourth and fifth patrols

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U-436 carried out her fourth and fifth patrols from Kirkenes andTrondheim. They were followed by a series of journeys which were not recognized as patrols. At their end, she was back in Kiel.

Sixth patrol

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The U-boat left Kiel once more on 6 October 1942, but this time she was headed for the Atlantic Ocean, via thegap separating theFaroe andShetland Islands.

On the 27th, shetorpedoed, but did not sink, the NorwegianFrontenac in mid-Atlantic. The ship's bow section was badly damaged, so much so that her propeller was raised out of the water. The accompanying fire was extinguished by a large wave; the ship was pumped out and she was capable of moving under her own power. During the same attack, she sank theSourabaya. Also lost was the landing craft HMSLCT-2281 which had been carried on deck. Two days later, the boat sank theBarrwhinn.

She arrived atLorient in occupied France on 12 November.

Seventh patrol

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Patrol number seven sawU-436 sink theAlbert L. Ellsworth south of theAzores on 8 January 1943. The ship had been abandoned after being hit by a torpedo but remained afloat. The wreck was sunk by gunfire from the U-boat the following evening.

Eighth patrol and loss

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By now based atSt. Nazaire, she left the French port on 25 April 1943. On 26 May 1943 she was attacked and sunk west ofCape Ortegal in northwest Spain bydepth charges from thefrigate HMS Test and thecorvette HMS Hyderabad.^[1]

Forty-seven men went down withU-436; there were no survivors.

Wolfpacks

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U-436 took part in tenwolfpacks, namely:

Umbau (7 – 16 February 1942)
Umhang (10 – 16 March 1942)
Robbenschlag (7 – 14 April 1942)
Blutrausch (15 – 19 April 1942)
Strauchritter (29 April – 1 May 1942)
Greif (14 – 26 May 1942)
Puma (16 – 29 October 1942)
Natter (30 October – 6 November 1942)
Delphin (26 December 1942 – 12 February 1943)
Drossel (29 April – 15 May 1943)

Summary of raiding history

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Date	Ship Name	Nationality	Tonnage^{[Note 1]}	Fate^[4]
1 March 1942	RT-19 Komintern	Soviet Union	577	Sunk
13 April 1942	Kiev	Soviet Union	5,823	Sunk
27 October 1942	Frontenac	Norway	7,350	Damaged
27 October 1942	Gurney E. Newlin	United States	8,225	Damaged
27 October 1942	Sourabaya	United Kingdom	10,107	Sunk
27 October 1942	HMSLCT-2281^{[Note 2]}	Royal Navy	291	Sunk
29 October 1942	Barrwhin	United Kingdom	4,998	Sunk
8 January 1943	Albert L. Ellsworth	Norway	8,309	Sunk
8 January 1943	Oltenia II	United Kingdom	6,394	Sunk

References

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Notes

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^Merchant ship tonnages are ingross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tonsdisplacement.
^Carried bySourabaya.

Citations

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^^a ^bKemp 1999, p. 121.
^Helgason, Guðmundur."The Type VIIC boat U-436".German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved19 September 2012.
^^a ^b ^c ^dGröner 1991, pp. 43–46.
^Helgason, Guðmundur."Ships hit by U-436".German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved26 December 2014.

Bibliography

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Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press.ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler.ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991).U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press.ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
Kemp, Paul (1999).U-Boats Destroyed – German Submarine Losses in the World Wars. London: Arms & Armour.ISBN 1-85409-515-3.

External links

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Helgason, Guðmundur."The Type VIIC boat U-436".German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved26 December 2014.

v t e Type VII submarines
Type VIIA	U-27 U-28 U-29 U-30 U-31 U-32 U-33 U-34 U-35 U-36
Type VIIB	U-45 U-46 U-47 U-48 U-49 U-50 U-51 U-52 U-53 U-54 U-55 U-73 U-74 U-75 U-76 U-83 U-84 U-85 U-86 U-87 U-99 U-100 U-101 U-102
Type VIIC	U-69 U-70 U-71 U-72 U-77 U-78 U-79 U-80 U-81 U-82 U-88 U-89 U-90 U-91 U-92 U-93 U-94 U-95 U-96 U-97 U-98 U-132 U-133 U-134 U-135 U-136 U-201 U-202 U-203 U-204 U-205 U-206 U-207 U-208 U-209 U-210 U-211 U-212 U-221 U-222 U-223 U-224 U-225 U-226 U-227 U-228 U-229 U-230 U-231 U-232 U-235 U-236 U-237 U-238 U-239 U-240 U-241 U-242 U-243 U-244 U-245 U-246 U-247 U-248 U-249 U-250 U-251 U-252 U-253 U-254 U-255 U-256 U-257 U-258 U-259 U-260 U-261 U-262 U-263 U-264 U-265 U-266 U-267 U-268 U-269 U-270 U-271 U-272 U-273 U-274 U-275 U-276 U-277 U-278 U-279 U-280 U-281 U-282 U-283 U-284 U-285 U-286 U-287 U-288 U-289 U-290 U-291 U-301 U-302 U-303 U-304 U-305 U-306 U-307 U-308 U-309 U-310 U-311 U-312 U-313 U-314 U-315 U-316 U-331 U-332 U-333 U-334 U-335 U-336 U-337 U-338 U-339 U-340 U-341 U-342 U-343 U-344 U-345 U-346 U-347 U-348 U-349 U-350 U-351 U-352 U-353 U-354 U-355 U-356 U-357 U-358 U-359 U-360 U-361 U-362 U-363 U-364 U-365 U-366 U-367 U-368 U-369 U-370 U-371 U-372 U-373 U-374 U-375 U-376 U-377 U-378 U-379 U-380 U-381 U-382 U-383 U-384 U-385 U-386 U-387 U-388 U-389 U-390 U-391 U-392 U-393 U-394 U-396 U-397 U-398 U-399 U-400 U-401 U-402 U-403 U-404 U-405 U-406 U-407 U-408 U-409 U-410 U-411 U-412 U-413 U-414 U-415 U-416 U-417 U-418 U-419 U-420 U-421 U-422 U-423 U-424 U-425 U-426 U-427 U-428 U-429 U-430 U-431 U-432 U-433 U-434 U-435 U-436 U-437 U-438 U-439 U-440 U-441 U-442 U-443 U-444 U-445 U-446 U-447 U-448 U-449 U-450 U-451 U-452 U-453 U-454 U-455 U-456 U-457 U-458 U-465 U-466 U-467 U-468 U-469 U-470 U-471 U-472 U-473 U-475 U-476 U-477 U-478 U-479 U-480 U-481 U-482 U-483 U-484 U-485 U-486 U-551 U-552 U-553 U-554 U-555 U-556 U-557 U-558 U-559 U-560 U-561 U-562 U-563 U-564 U-565 U-566 U-567 U-568 U-569 U-570 U-571 U-572 U-573 U-574 U-575 U-576 U-577 U-578 U-579 U-580 U-581 U-582 U-583 U-584 U-585 U-586 U-587 U-588 U-589 U-590 U-591 U-592 U-593 U-594 U-595 U-596 U-597 U-598 U-599 U-600 U-601 U-602 U-603 U-604 U-605 U-606 U-607 U-608 U-609 U-610 U-611 U-612 U-613 U-614 U-615 U-616 U-617 U-618 U-619 U-620 U-621 U-622 U-623 U-624 U-625 U-626 U-627 U-628 U-629 U-630 U-631 U-632 U-633 U-634 U-635 U-636 U-637 U-638 U-639 U-640 U-641 U-642 U-643 U-644 U-645 U-646 U-647 U-648 U-649 U-650 U-651 U-652 U-653 U-654 U-655 U-656 U-657 U-658 U-659 U-660 U-661 U-662 U-663 U-664 U-665 U-666 U-667 U-668 U-669 U-670 U-671 U-672 U-673 U-674 U-675 U-676 U-677 U-678 U-679 U-680 U-681 U-682 U-683 U-701 U-702 U-703 U-704 U-705 U-706 U-707 U-708 U-709 U-710 U-711 U-712 U-713 U-714 U-715 U-716 U-717 U-718 U-719 U-720 U-721 U-722 U-731 U-732 U-733 U-734 U-735 U-736 U-737 U-738 U-739 U-740 U-741 U-742 U-743 U-744 U-745 U-746 U-747 U-748 U-749 U-750 U-751 U-752 U-753 U-754 U-755 U-756 U-757 U-758 U-759 U-760 U-761 U-762 U-763 U-764 U-765 U-766 U-767 U-768 U-771 U-772 U-773 U-774 U-775 U-776 U-777 U-778 U-779 U-821 U-822 U-825 U-826 U-901 U-903 U-904 U-905 U-907 U-921 U-922 U-923 U-924 U-925 U-926 U-927 U-928 U-951 U-952 U-953 U-954 U-955 U-956 U-957 U-958 U-959 U-960 U-961 U-962 U-963 U-964 U-965 U-966 U-967 U-968 U-969 U-970 U-971 U-972 U-973 U-974 U-975 U-976 U-977 U-978 U-979 U-980 U-981 U-982 U-983 U-984 U-985 U-986 U-987 U-988 U-989 U-990 U-991 U-992 U-993 U-994 U-1051 U-1052 U-1053 U-1054 U-1055 U-1056 U-1057 U-1058 U-1101 U-1102 U-1131 U-1132 U-1161 U-1162 U-1191 U-1192 U-1193 U-1194 U-1195 U-1196 U-1197 U-1198 U-1199 U-1200 U-1201 U-1202 U-1203 U-1204 U-1205 U-1206 U-1207 U-1208 U-1209 U-1210
Type VIIC/41	U-292 U-293 U-294 U-295 U-296 U-297 U-298 U-299 U-300 U-317 U-318 U-319 U-320 U-321 U-322 U-323 U-324 U-325 U-326 U-327 U-328 U-691 U-827 U-828 U-929 U-930 U-995 U-997 U-998 U-999 U-1000 U-1001 U-1002 U-1003 U-1004 U-1005 U-1006 U-1007 U-1008 U-1009 U-1010 U-1011 U-1013 U-1014 U-1015 U-1016 U-1017 U-1018 U-1019 U-1020 U-1021 U-1022 U-1023 U-1024 U-1025 U-1063 U-1064 U-1065 U-1103 U-1104 U-1105 U-1106 U-1107 U-1108 U-1109 U-1110 U-1163 U-1164 U-1165 U-1166 U-1167 U-1168 U-1169 U-1170 U-1171 U-1172 U-1271 U-1272 U-1273 U-1274 U-1275 U-1276 U-1277 U-1278 U-1279 U-1301 U-1302 U-1303 U-1304 U-1305 U-1306 U-1307 U-1308
Type VIID	U-213 U-214 U-215 U-216 U-217 U-218
Type VIIF	U-1059 U-1060 U-1061 U-1062
Preceded by:Type II Followed by:Type IX List of U-boats of Germany

v t e Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in May 1943
Shipwrecks	1 May:Erinpura 2 May:Gneisenau,Turunmaa,U-465 4 May:U-109,U-439,U-659 5 May:Bristol City,Fingal,Hartwelson,U-638,Wentworth,USS West Madaket,West Maximus 6 May:FR 117,U-125,U-192,U-438,U-531,U-630 7 May:Adele,Hermes,U-447,U-663,L'Audacieux 8 May:Kagerō,Kuroshio,Oyashio 9 May:Aso Maru 11 May:Nailsea Meadow,U-528 12 May:I-31,U-89,U-186,U-456 13 May:U-753 14 May:AHS Centaur,U-235,U-236,U-237,U-640 15 May:Irish Oak,U-176,U-266 16 May:Enrico Tazzoli,U-182,U-463 17 May:U-128,U-646,U-657 18 May:Empire Eve 19 May:Général Bonaparte,U-273,U-953 20 May:U-258 21 May:U-303 22 May:U-569 23 May:Leonardo da Vinci,USS Niagara,U-752 25 May:U-414,U-467 26 May:U-436 27 May:Léopard 28 May:Angelo Bassini,U-304,U-755 30 May:HMS Untamed 31 May:U-440,U-563 Unknown date:Calypso,Piemonte,Ro-102,U-209,U-381
Other incidents	2 May:USS Harder 10 May:USS Macdonough,USS Sicard 14 May:I-177 17 May:USS S-33 19 May:La Vestale,HMS Wishart 22 May:USS Grayling 31 May:USS S-34
194219431944 April 1943June 1943

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