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TheGerman-Russian pidgin is amacaronic language of mixedGerman andRussian that appears to have arisen in the early 1990s. It is sometimes known asDeutschrussisch in German orNemrus in Russian. Some speakers of the mixed language refer to it asQuelia. It is spoken by somerussophone immigrants inGermany from theformer Soviet Union.
Russian acts as thelinguistic substratum, supplying thesyntactic structure into whichGerman words are inserted. The German content varies from speaker to speaker, but can be as high as 50% of the vocabulary. The situation is somewhat akin toSpanglish in the United States.
Gender may be influenced by Russian genders, as in the case of most words ending in '-ung', which are always feminine in German, but usually masculine in the mixed language because Russian nouns ending in a hard consonant are always masculine. However, some words inherit their gender from the German noun, as in the feminineкакая хорошая[kakajaxoroʂaja] from German femininedie Überraschung, meaning 'surprise'.
A mixed language makes greater use of the uncommon Russianauxiliary verbsиметь[imʲetʲ], meaning 'to have' andбыть[bɨtʲ], meaning 'to be'. The corresponding verbs (haben andsein respectively) are very common in German.
German verbs are often treated in a sentence as though they were Russian verbs, being russified by replacing the Germaninfinitive verb ending.-(e)n with the Russian-tʲ. For example, Germanspüren becomesшпюрить[ʂpʲuritʲ] - 'to feel', orspielen becomesшпилить, 'to play'.
The following features vary from speaker to speaker: