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AGer district (Mongolian:гэр хороолол,Ger khoroolol) is a form of residential district inMongolian settlements. They usually consist of parcels with one or more detached traditional mobile dwellings orgers (hence the name), surrounded by two-metre high woodenfences. In other countries, gers are known as yurts.
Most Ger districts are not connected to water supplies, so people get their drinking water from public wells. For a warm shower or a bath, there arebathhouses. Since there is no sewer system, Ger district parcels usually have apit toilet.[1]
Small settlements, likesum centers, may consist almost exclusively of ger districts. Even in Mongolia's capital Ulaanbaatar, around 62% of the population live in such districts. However, only about 43% of the Ger district residents in Ulaanbaatar actually live in gers.[2] Some of the districts in Ulaanbaatar have existed for more than 100 years, for example the one aroundGandan, but many of those farther away from the city centre are the result of recent migration and the high price ofother housing in Ulaanbaatar.
An oft-cited problem of Ger districts in Ulaanbaatar and a number of other larger Mongolian cities is theair pollution (especially in winter) caused by the burning of rawcoal in simple ironstoves for cooking and heating.
Ulaanbaatar's Ger district is evolving and is marked by swift change over the past three decades since 1990, coupled with rising inequality. The Citizen Groups (CGs), semi-formal civil society organizations mainly led by women, work in ger suburbs surrounding Ulaanbaatar.
These CGs engage in small-scale projects, demonstrating resource management skills. Despite government recognition of state-civil society partnership, there's a gap in practice, particularly in ger districts.
Challenges include high staff turnover, limited local government authority, and unclear legal status for CGs. The article advocates for empowering CGs to amplify their contributions, aligning with local needs, and enhancing community development.[3]
