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^The Georgian kingship had stubborn and staunch devotion to rules of legitimism^[1] and thedynastic succession of a new monarch should have had a biological connection and/or matrimony with an existing family.^[2] The Pharnavazids, Chosroids and Bagratids were related through descent, intermarriage and adoption.^[3]
^The family tree descends from the monarchs of theKingdom of Iberia;^[4]^[5] the Sassanian-demotedprincipality of Iberia,^[6] ultimately succeeded and restored as theKingdom of the Iberians;^[7]^[8] and the unifiedKingdom of Georgia.^[9]
^Samara was a chieftain and ruler of Mtskheta's Kartvelians claiming descent from amythic national founder,Kartlos.^[10]
^King Rev I was a great-grandson of KingMithridates V of Parthia^[13]
^Her father died in 284 AD, who remained the last in thePharnavazid line. Georgian royal house arranged the wedding of Abeshura to Mirian,^[14] who according to the Georgian annals is identified as the firstborn but illegitimate son of an unspecifiedSasanian Shahanshah.^[15] Mirian was a Parthian Mihranid who would establish aChosroid dynasty. Because of Mirian’s union with Abeshura, the couple's offspring could rightfully claim to have Pharnavazid blood, but Abeshura died at the age of 15. Because the young couple had no children the primary Pharnavazid line came to a complete end.^[16]^[17]
^^a ^bKings Aspacures II and Rev II through their mother QueenNana^[18]^[19] were the direct descendants of KingMithridates VI of Pontus (15 generations through QueenDynamis); KingSeleucus I Nicator (22 generations through the mother ofMithridates VI of Pontus, QueenLaodice VI); TriumvirMark Antony (16 generations throughGepaepyris,Antonia Tryphaena,Pythodorida of Pontus andAntonia Prima);Julio-Claudian dynasty (17 generations through the mother ofMark Antony,Julia); KingAchaemenes (35~40 generations throughMithridates VI of Pontus)
^King Dachi through his mother QueenBalendukht^[22]^[23] was the direct descendant of ShahArdashir I (10 generations)
^Adarnase IV restored Georgian kingship in 888^[25] as theKingdom of the Iberians and this would go on to dominate the political life of Georgia for a thousand years.^[26]
^^a ^bKingBagrat III, the first monarch of unified Georgia was ruthless in his state administration. While visiting Castle of Panaskerti in Tao, king summoned his two cousins, Sumbat III and Gurgen. They were arrested and executed. Sumbat’s son Bagrat, and Gurgen’s son Demetrius, escaped to theByzantine Empire. The Bagrationi line of Tao was already extinct since 941;^[27] now with purging his own cousins the line of Klarjeti was also gone and no rival could ever claim the Georgian throne.^[28]
^David III, being childless, took advice from the Georgian aristocracy and adopted his kin, princeBagrat in 975.^[29] This will lead and pave the way for theunification of Georgia.^[30]
^Bagrat III was the first king of a politically unified Georgia^[31] designated "Sakartvelo".^[32] The term "Sakartvelo" would literally mean "all-Georgian kingdom", "all Georgia" or "whole Georgia".^[33] Sakartvelo is still used in modern times as the official name of the country.^[34]
^Queen Tamar was the first female monarch (mepe) of Georgia.^[35]
^George IV, while relaxing in Kakheti, in the village of Velistsikhe, he spotted a pretty young woman, a freeman's daughter; he seduced her, and, although she was married, installed her at royal court. In 1215, she had a son with him (the future kingDavid VII), whom the king gave to his sisterRusudan to bring up. This upset theGeorgian Orthodox Church and deputation of bishops, the Catholicos and ministers came to remonstrate with the king: the woman was a commoner as well as another man’s wife. The king was forced to let nuns escort his mistress back to her husband. But he adamantly deemed the woman from Velistsikhe his wife and refused any marriage which his court might negotiate for him. The king would not beget a legitimate heir.^[36]
^She was aBorjigin princess and a great-great-granddaughter ofGenghis Khan.^[37]

References

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^Rapp (2014), pp. 230-231
^Rapp (2014), pp. 273-370
^Rapp (2014), pp. 232-240
^Rayfield, pp. 430—431
^Toumanoff, pp. 423-426
^Rayfield, pp. 49—51
^Settipani, p. 540
^Rayfield (2013) location: 9218
^Rayfield, p. 433
^Rayfield, pp. 15—23
^Rayfield, p. 25
^Rayfield, p. 29
^Toumanoff, p. 85
^Rapp (2016) location: 7031
^Rapp (2016) location: 6784
^Rapp (2016) location: 6794
^Rayfield, p. 36
^Rapp (2016) location: 7149
^Settipani, pp. 405—406
^Settipani, pp. 411—414
^Settipani, p. 412
^Rayfield, pp. 44—50
^Settipani, p. 416
^Settipani, p. 403
^Rayfield (2013) location: 1337
^Rapp (2016) location: 5454
^Rayfield (2013) location: 1323
^Rayfield (2013) location: 1502
^Rayfield (2013) location: 1379
^Rayfield (2013) location: 1338–1384
^Rapp (2016) location: 476
^Rapp (2016) location: 648
^Rayfield, p. 94
^Rapp (2016) location: 656
^Rapp (2016) location: 8763
^Rayfield, p. 118
^Toumanoff, p. 125

Bibliography

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Rapp, S. H. Jr. (2016) The Sasanian World Through Georgian Eyes, Caucasia and the Iranian Commonwealth in Late Antique Georgian Literature,Sam Houston State University, USA,Routledge,ISBN 9781472425522
Rayfield, D. (2013) Edge of Empires: A History of Georgia,Reaktion Books,ISBN 9781780230702,ISBN 9781780230702
Settipani, C. (2006) Continuité des élites à Byzance durant les siècles obscurs. Les princes caucasiens et l'Empire du VIe au IXe siècle,Paris,ISBN 9782701802268
Toumanoff, C. (1990) The dynasties of Christian Caucasus from Antiquity to the 19th century: Genealogical and chronological tables,Rome

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Notes

References

Bibliography

Further reading