George Whitney Calhoun | |
|---|---|
 circa 1950s | |
| Born | (1890-09-16)September 16, 1890 Green Bay, Wisconsin, U.S. |
| Died | December 6, 1963(1963-12-06) (aged 73) Green Bay, Wisconsin, U.S. |
| Occupations |
|
| Known for | Founding the Green Bay Packers |
George Whitney "Cal"Calhoun (September 16, 1890 – December 6, 1963) was an American newspaper editor and co-founder of theGreen Bay Packers, a professionalAmerican football team based inGreen Bay, Wisconsin. After establishing the Packers in 1919 withCurly Lambeau, Calhoun served the team in various capacities for 44 years until his death in 1963.
Utilizing his editorial job at theGreen Bay Press-Gazette, he became the team's first publicity director, helping to establish local support and interest. He also served as the first team manager and was a member of the board of directors ofthe non-profit corporation that owns the team. Although often overshadowed by the more famous Curly Lambeau, Calhoun was instrumental to the early success of the Packers. In recognition of his contributions, Calhoun was elected to theGreen Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 1978.
George Whitney Calhoun was born inGreen Bay, Wisconsin on September 16, 1890, the son of Walter A. Calhoun and Emmeline Whitney Calhoun. The Calhoun family was well-known in the area: Walter was employed at the Green Bay Water Company and Emmeline was the granddaughter ofDaniel Whitney, one of the founders of Green Bay.[1] Calhoun and his family moved toBuffalo, New York, where they lived until 1915. While in New York, Calhoun attended theUniversity at Buffalo where he played hockey and football.[2] While being tackled during a collegiate football game, he crashed into a goalpost, which left him temporarily paralyzed and permanently unable to play competitive sports.[3] Calhoun recovered and completed his studies in 1913. Before moving back to Green Bay in 1915, he started working in the newspaper industry for theBuffalo Times, where he stayed for two years.[1]
In 1915, Calhoun was hired by theGreen Bay Review as a telegraph editor,[note 1] where he worked for two years. He then joined theGreen Bay Press-Gazette, also as a telegraph editor, a job he held for 40 years until his retirement in 1957.[2] While working for thePress-Gazette, Calhoun helped form hockey, baseball, and football teams across the region.[5] He also became a well-knownsportswriter who was respected by his peers for his knowledge of theGreen Bay Packers and the early history of theNational Football League (NFL).[6] Calhoun died on December 6, 1963, in Green Bay, six years after retiring from thePress-Gazette.[3][7]
Professional football began in Green Bay in 1919, although various city teams had been organized for years. During a chance encounter, Calhoun raised the idea of starting a football team withCurly Lambeau. Calhoun was familiar with Lambeau's sports experience atGreen Bay East High School and maintained a friendship with him while Lambeau was at theUniversity of Notre Dame to play football.[1] Their encounter occurred after Lambeau had dropped out of Notre Dame due to illness.[8] Lambeau still wanted to play football, so Calhoun recommended they start a football team together. Lambeau persuaded his employer theIndian Packing Company, to sponsor the team and pay for its uniforms and equipment.[1] Calhoun, using his job at thePress-Gazette,[9] wrote a few articles inviting potential football players to attend a meeting to discuss the formation of a local football team.[10] The Green Bay Packers were officially organized on August 11, 1919, in thePress-Gazette office.[11] A second meeting three days later on August 14 attracted up to 25 people interested in playing for the newly formed team.[5]
After two years of playing teams around Wisconsin, the Packers entered the American Professional Football Association, the precursor to the modern-day NFL.[note 2] Calhoun became the team's publicity director and traveling manager, helping to organize games and promote the new franchise.[13] Because the Packers played in such a small market, they relied heavily on the revenue from away games, which was generated by Calhoun's efforts promoting the team.[5] He also helped raise funding for the Packers during periods of financial difficulty.[14] Before the Packers charged for admission, he organized cash collections during games to raise additional funds.[15] After the Packers erected a fence, Calhoun manned the front gates and ensured game attendees paid to enter the grounds.[1]
Calhoun wroteThe Dope Sheet, the Packers' official newsletter and game program from 1921 to 1924. Because of the constant changing of teams and players in the NFL during the 1920s,The Dope Sheet was important in keeping fans up-to-date on the Packers and their opponents.[6] Calhoun used his job at thePress-Gazette to network with other sports editors and maintain a vast database of early NFL game summaries and statistics. His love of beer and his unique networking abilities were so well known that Calhoun's hotel room was a popular venue before and after Packers games.[1][5]
Calhoun continued in his role as publicity director until 1947, when he was forced to resign by Lambeau.[1] This was unpopular and permanently damaged Calhoun's relationship with Lambeau.[16] Even after leaving the team, Calhoun remained a strong supporter of the Packers and attended every home game from 1919 to 1956. He also served on the Board of Directors ofGreen Bay Packers, Inc. until his death.[1][3]
Calhoun's legacy is complicated and often overlooked when compared to his counterpart, Curly Lambeau.[17] Lambeau served as both a player (for ten years) and the head coach, a role he had for 30 years from 1919 to 1949. The prominence of these roles and the early success of the Packers helped enshrine Lambeau in thePro Football Hall of Fame[18] and led to the Packers namingtheir current stadium after him.[19] Calhoun never received these same honors, although his contributions were significant.[1] Calhoun's penchant for publicizing the team, his ability to raise funds, and his role as team manager were essential to the Packers surviving as a franchise and succeeding on the field.[1] He is attributed with developing the name "Packers"[note 3] and hisDope Sheet was an important tool to keep fans informed of game results, statistics, and players.[1][6]
The Packers have recognized Calhoun's influence and contributions in many ways. After Calhoun's death in December 1963, his ashes were scattered on the field atCity Stadium.[1] In 1978, Calhoun was elected to theGreen Bay Packers Hall of Fame in recognition of his status as a founder of the team, publicist, and board member.[21] In 2013, a bronze sculpture of Calhoun was dedicated as part of thePackers Heritage Trail plaza in downtown Green Bay.[22] Decades after its last publication, the Packers revived the titleThe Dope Sheet for its modern-day game program to honor Calhoun's early contributions to the team.[23]