In July 1799, in his last will and testament, PresidentGeorge Washington left shares to endow a university in the nation's new capital.PresidentJames Monroe, one of the university's founding benefactors, approved the university'sCongressional Charter. Monroe's house is located on the university'sFoggy Bottom campus.
The firstpresident of the United States,George Washington, long favored the establishment of a university in a central part of the United States.[16] He advocated for its establishment to theU.S. Congress and others throughout his political career. Washington envisioned the new university would be in a central part of the new national capital, and he hoped the university would educate the most promising students from across the country while reaping the benefits of its location in Washington, D.C.[16]
On December 14, 1799, George Washington died at his home inMount Vernon. Washington included a bequest of his shares in thePotomac Company to establish the university in his last will and testament, though the shares lost their value and no educational institution ever benefited from them.[17][16] Following his death, his desire was shared and encouraged by U.S. presidentsThomas Jefferson andJames Madison, who both expressed the need to carry out Washington's plans.[18]
In 1821, theBaptist missionary and leadingministerLuther Rice secured funds fromJames Monroe,John Quincy Adams,John C. Calhoun, and other benefactors for a college to educate citizens from throughout the young nation inWashington, D.C.[19] A large building was constructed on College Hill, which is now known asMeridian Hill. On February 9, 1821, President Monroe approved thecongressional charter, creating the non-denominationalColumbian College.[20] Washingtonians, Congress, and the academic community celebrated this new institution as the fulfillment of Washington's vision.[17] In 1824, the first commencement was considered an important event for the young city. In attendance were President Monroe, John C. Calhoun,Henry Clay, theMarquis de Lafayette, and other dignitaries.[21]
Freemasonry symbols are prominently displayed throughout the campus, including the foundation stones of many of the university buildings.[22]
During the 19th century, most of the university's students came from theSouth. As theAmerican Civil War commenced in 1861, many left their studies to join theConfederate States Army. However, the college was still fractured. Professor of anatomyA. Y. P. Garnett left the university to serve asJefferson Davis' physician, andRobert King Stone stayed in Washington, D.C., serving as physician toAbraham Lincoln. The college was temporarily turned into aUnion Army military camp during the Civil War. PoetWalt Whitman worked at this camp while visiting his wounded brother.[23]
In 1873, following the Civil War, Columbian College was renamedColumbian University and moved to an urban downtown location centered on15th andH streets.[24]
In 1904, Columbian University was renamed George Washington University following an agreement with theGeorge Washington Memorial Association.[25] In honor of George Washington, funds from the memorial association were donated to constructLisner Auditorium.[26]
An engraving of the university's first building on Meridian Hill,c. 1821
In 1912, the university moved its principal operations to theFoggy Bottom neighborhood of Washington, D.C.[27] Many of the colleges of the George Washington University are notable for their age and history. The law school is the oldest law school in the District of Columbia.[28] The medical school is the 11th-oldest medical school in the nation and the first established in the nation's capital.[29] The Columbian College was founded in 1821 and is the oldest unit of the university. The Elliott School of International Affairs was formalized in 1898.[30]
In the 1930s, the university was a major center fortheoretical physics.George Gamow, a cosmologist, developed theBig Bang theory at the university in the 1930s and 1940s. On January 26, 1939,Niels Bohr announced thatOtto Hahn had successfully split the atom at the Fifth Washington Conference on theoretical physics in the Hall of Government.[31]
During theVietnam War era, Thurston Hall, an undergraduate dormitory housing 1,116 students at 1900 F Street NW, located three blocks from theWhite House,[32] was a staging ground for studentanti-war demonstrations.
In 1996, the university purchased theMount Vernon College for Women in the city'sPalisades neighborhood that became the school's coeducational Mount Vernon Campus. The campus was first utilized in 1997 for women only but became co-educational in a matter of years.[citation needed] The Mount Vernon campus is now totally integrated into the GW community, serving as a complement to the Foggy Bottom campus. In 1999, GW hosted theTown Hall with President Clinton, the firstpresidential town hall to ever bewebcast live.
In 2016 the University closed the food court named J Street at its Foggy Bottom campus. In 2023 a new dining hall, inside Shenkman Hall, opened. During the period in between, on-campus food options were limited.[34]
In July 2020, the university began forming special committees to look at possible name changes to an on-campus building and the school moniker. In a statement on the university's website, LeBlanc said one of the panels would examine the Colonials moniker, which critics said conjured up racism, violence, and genocide. In 2022, the Colonials name was officially retired. The following year, in 2023, the new nickname, theGeorge Washington Revolutionaries, was announced.[35] Another panel looked into renaming the Marvin Center, which was named after former school PresidentCloyd Heck Marvin, asegregationist.[36]
GW has three fully integrated campuses in the Washington, D.C. area: theFoggy Bottom campus, the Mount Vernon campus, and theVirginia Science and Technology campus. The Foggy Bottom Campus houses the vast majority of academic programming. Residence halls exist on the Foggy Bottom and Mount Vernon campuses.
The GW library system contains theGelman Library,[39] the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library,[40] the Burns Law Library,[41] Eckles Library (named for Charles Ellison Eckles and Anita Heurich Eckles),[42][43] and the Virginia Science and Technology Library.[44] The GW Library System is a constituent member of theWashington Research Library Consortium, which allows for resource sharing among the university libraries of theWashington metropolitan area.
The main GW campus consists of 43 acres (170,000 m2) in historicFoggy Bottom and is located a few blocks from theWhite House, theWorld Bank, theInternational Monetary Fund,State Department and theNational Mall. Barring a few outlying buildings, the boundaries of campus are delineated by (running clockwise fromWashington Circle)Pennsylvania Avenue, 19th Street,E Street,Virginia Avenue, 24th Street, andNew Hampshire Avenue. The university owns much of the property in Foggy Bottom and leases it to various tenants, including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Other institutions in proximity include theU.S. State Department, theKennedy Center, theU.S. Institute of Peace, theWatergate complex, and embassies ofBosnia and Herzegovina, Mexico,Saudi Arabia, Spain, andUruguay. The University Yard is the main open space and historic heart of the university. Along with George Washington's main library,Gelman Library, it constitutes the hub of the main campus. The seven-story Gelman Library building contains over two million volumes and is constructed in theBrutalistarchitectural style of the 1970s. It features a concrete façade punctuated by windows that are divided by projecting vertical slabs. For most of the year, parts of the library are open 24 hours a day, seven days per week for use by students, faculty, and staff. The library's seventh floor includes the Special Collections Research Center,National Security Archives, Global Resources Center, and Kiev Library.
Close to the library isLisner Auditorium and a large open area between them is known as Kogan Plaza. Southeast of the plaza and located near Monroe Hall and Hall of Government is the Monroe Court, a landscaped area with a large fountain. TheFoggy Bottom–GWUWashington Metro station is located at the intersection of 23rd and I Streets NW due south ofWashington Circle, and provides access to theOrange,Blue andSilver lines. TheUniversity Hospital is located next to the Metro station entrance.[46][47][48]
The Foggy Bottom campus contains most of the residence halls in which GW students live. The most notable include Shenkman Hall, Thurston Hall,Madison Hall, Potomac House,Fulbright Hall, Mitchell Hall,Munson Hall,Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis Hall, Phillip Amsterdam Hall, Guthridge Hall, Madison Hall, Townhouse Row, South Hall, and the newest, District House, which opened in 2016.
In late 2007, construction began on a large mixed-use residential, office and retail development located on the site of the old GW Hospital (Square 54) and just east of theFoggy Bottom–GW Metrorail station. It was the second-largest undeveloped lot in the District of Columbia at the time of initial construction activity.[49] In 2014, the university assumed ownership of theCorcoran Gallery of Art, the oldest private art museum in Washington, D.C. and independent college of art and design. The college of art and design became TheCorcoran School of the Arts and Design under the Columbian College of Arts and Sciences. TheNational Gallery of Art will acquire many of the 17,000 pieces of art from the Corcoran and the rest will be donated to other museums around the country.[50] In May 2014, GW opened theMilken Institute School of Public Health, a nine-story building that receivedLEED certification for sustainability features including a green roof, rainwater collection system, and special heating and air conditioning technologies that helps mass air displacement.[51]The Textile Museum reopened to the public in March 2015 after the institution merged with the university in 2011 and closed it for renovations two years later.[52]
In 1996, the university purchased theMount Vernon College for Women in the city'sPalisades neighborhood that became the school's coeducational Mount Vernon Campus. Initially, the Mount Vernon Campus remained exclusively a women's college until 1999 when GW changed its operations to a co-ed facility.[53] It was purchased so that the university could gain more space and valuable land for athletics, such as for the women's soccer team.[54] Now known as the Mount Vernon campus, it is totally integrated into the GW community, serving as a complement to the Foggy Bottom campus.[54] The campus has transportation systems connecting the students to the GW campus in Foggy Bottom. It also includes Eckles Library, six residence halls, Lloyd Gymnasium, The GW-Mount Vernon Athletic Complex and other various campus facilities.[55]
The George Washington University also operates a research and graduate campus inAshburn, Virginia (nearDulles International Airport) which was established in 1991. Starting with a donation of 50 acres (20 ha) from Robert H. Smith, the campus grew to 101 acres (41 ha) by 2010.[56] Besides graduate education, this campus also offers undergraduate education to students, including Health Science, Cybersecurity & Information Technology, and Nursing.[57]
Additionally, the university also operates several other graduate satellite education centers. These include the Alexandria Graduate Education Center in Alexandria, the Graduate Education Center inArlington, and the Hampton Roads Center inNewport News. The Virginia Science and Technology Campus hosts research and educational partnerships with industry and government officials and offers more than 20 graduate degrees.[58]
The Virginia Science and Technology Campus is home to the first walkable solar-power sidewalk in the world. The project began in 2012 and was completed two years later, inaugurated in October 2014.[59]
GW is organized into fourteen schools and colleges, each with a different dean and organization.[62] TheColumbian College of Arts and Sciences was the original academic unit of the university.[63] The Medical School is the 11th oldest medical school in the nation and the first to open in the District of Columbia.[64] The Law School was also the first law school in the District of Columbia.[28] Each academic unit has a distinct identity within the broader university. The Graduate School of Political Management and the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design were organized outside of the university, later to join in 1987 and 2014, respectively.
TheColumbian College of Arts and Sciences (CCAS) is the oldest and largest college in the university. It was founded in 1821; at the beginning of the university's history, there was no distinction between this college and the university. The School of Media and Public Affairs (SMPA), and the Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration (SPPPA) belong to this college, although they are run separately. The Columbian College was among the first American institutions to grant aDoctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), in 1888.[65] The Columbian College is notable for its academic diversity, and offers a wide range of majors and courses of study.[65] The Columbian College contains the Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration, the School of Media and Public Affairs, and the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design. The Columbian College is primarily housed in Philips Hall, Rome Hall, Smith Hall of Art, MPA Building, Monroe Hall, Hall of Government, 1922 F Street, Corcoran Hall, Bell Hall, Samson Hall, Lisner Hall, and many other places around campus. The college is also present on the Mount Vernon and Virginia Campuses.
Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration
TheSchool of Media and Public Affairs (SMPA), although run separately, belongs to the Columbian College of Arts in Sciences.[66] It offers two undergraduate degrees, Journalism and Mass Communication andPolitical Communication and a master's degree in Media and Public Affairs. It is housed in the same building as theGraduate School of Political Management. The Public Affairs Project at GW, part of SMPA, is responsible for the creation and production of thePBS special,Planet Forward. School of Media and Public Affairs (SMPA) was the first in the nation to offer a bachelor's degree in Political Communication. The program boasts a faculty of retired and current professionals – including CNN correspondents, journalists, political analysts, and campaign professionals. The school is consistently ranked in the top 10 programs in the nation.
Formerly an independent institution, known as the Corcoran College of Art and Design, the institution later merged the college operations with the George Washington University. The school retained over 20 full-time faculty members, and the college will continue to function as a separate entity within the university. The school has a historic building facing the White House on 17th Street.
As of January 2018[update], GW's undergraduate business program was ranked 42nd nationally and its International Business program was ranked ninth byU.S. News & World Report.[69]
GW Hospital's emergency department was later renamed the Ronald Reagan Institute of Emergency Medicine. Other politicians, such as former Vice PresidentDick Cheney, come to GW for routine and emergency procedures.[71] Cheney and wifeLynne Cheney helped to start theRichard B. and Lynne V. Cheney Cardiovascular Institute in 2006. Others notable patients include former First LadyLaura Bush, who was treated for a pinched nerve. SMHS is primarily housed in theGW Hospital, Ross Hall, and many other centers along K Street and throughout the city.
GW was once home to theGeorge Washington Dental College, but this department would close in 1921 due to budget constraints.[72][73]
TheSchool of Engineering and Applied Science (SEAS) was founded on October 1, 1884, as the Corcoran Scientific School of Columbian University. The school separated from the Columbian College in 1962 and was one of the first to accept women for degree candidacy in engineering.[74] Thebazooka was invented at the SEAS in 1942.[75] The school moved into the new Science and Engineering Hall in D.C. in March 2015.[76]
TheElliott School of International Affairs (ESIA) was founded in 1898, as the School of Comparative Jurisprudence and Diplomacy. Under President Lloyd Elliott, the school separated from Columbian College. On September 3, 2003, alumnusColin Powell opened a new complex for this school at 1957 E Street NW in front of theDepartment of State.[77] As of February 2015[update], its undergraduate program was ranked eighth globally byForeign Policy magazine, while the graduate program is currently ranked seventh in the world.[78] ESIA is primarily housed in Elliott Hall at 1957 E St.
The history of nursing education at GW spans more than 100 years. In 2002, Jean Johnson, Ph.D., RN, FAAN, then senior associate dean for Health Sciences, met with the nursing faculty to assess GW's capacity to create GW's degree programs. The faculty moved forward to develop an MSN in the GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences with programs in adultnurse practitioner, family nurse practitioner, nursing leadership and management, and clinical research administration. The first MSN class was admitted in 2004.[79]
Meanwhile, approval was also obtained to develop a Department of Nursing Education. As the first and only chair of the department, Ellen Dawson, Ph.D., RN, ANP, led the MSN program to accreditation in time for the graduation of the first class in 2006. Also, she spearheaded the development of both the doctor of nursing practice (DNP) program and the 15-month (four consecutive semesters) accelerated second-degree bachelor of nursing science (ABSN) program located in Ashburn, VA. The first classes for these degrees were admitted in 2007 and 2009, respectively.[79] In 2010, the GW School of Nursing was re-established and is now the university's tenth academic institution, with Jean Johnson and Ellen Dawson as the founding deans.[79]
Although teacher education has been offered since the university's founding in 1904, the education division would only become a separate school in 1909 as the Teachers' College, which then became the School of Education in 1928. In 1994, the school became the Graduate School of Education and Human Development to reflect its increased focus on graduate education.[85]
The George Washington University College of Professional Studies (CPS) was founded during the Trachtenberg Presidency.[86]The Graduate School of Political Management is included within the college.[87] CPS offers courses on the Foggy Bottom and Virginia campuses.
The Graduate School of Political Management (GSPM) is an academic unit of the College of Professional Studies. GSPM offers graduate degrees in legislative affairs, political management, and other related disciplines. The current director isLara Brown.[88]
Established in July 1997, and renamed in March 2014, theMilken Institute School of Public Health[89] brought together three longstanding university programs in the schools of medicine, business, and education that have since expanded substantially. Today, more than 900 students from nearly every U.S. state and more than 35 nations pursue undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral-level degrees in public health. Its student body is one of the most ethnically diverse among the nation's private schools of public health.
The School also offers an array of joint degree programs, allowing students to couple aJuris Doctor (JD) with theMaster of Public Health (MPH), or to combine an MPH with aDoctor of Medicine (MD) or anMA in International Affairs. An MPH/Physician Assistant program, the first in the world, is available at the Milken Institute SPH, as is the opportunity to serve as aPeace Corps volunteer while pursuing an MPH.
GW is the largest higher education institution in Washington, D.C.[92] There are approximately 10,000 full-time undergraduates studying at George Washington University, and 14,000 graduate students.[93] These students come from all 50 states and over 120 countries.[92] Nearly 900 students participate in GW's Study Abroad Programs each semester in 50 countries.[94] As of 2015[update], George Washington University no longer required theSAT andACT test scores for applicants in order to boost the enrollment of disadvantaged students.[95] GWtuition was guaranteed to remain at the freshman rate for up to ten continuous (full-time) semesters of undergraduate attendance at the university. GW no longer offers fixed tuition. The 2021–2022 academic year tuition rate was $59,780.[96] Students were awarded $308.1 million in financial-aid during the 2017–2018 academic year.[97] For the FY2011 cohort of students, the student loan default rate was 1.4, one of the lowest in the nation.[98] For the 2010–2011 school year, the freshman retention rate was 94.3%.[99][needs update] GW requires that students live on campus for their first two years of enrollment as undergraduates.[100] According to self-provided data by George Washington University, as of the 2011–2012 academic year, the acceptance rate for theMedical School was 3%, receiving 10,588 applications.GW Law School's acceptance was 23%, receiving 10,021 applications. GW's Undergraduate studies' acceptance rate was 32%, receiving 21,433 applications.[101][102]
In September 2013,The GW Hatchet reported that the university had aneed-aware admissions policy, even though it claimed to have a need-blind policy at the time. The university subsequently admitted that its admissions policy was, in fact, need-aware.[103]
In 2012, the university received national attention when GW officials announced that they had misreported admissions data on their student body for over a decade, overstating the number of students who had graduated from high school in the top ten percent of their classes due to a "data reporting error".[114][115] Consequently,U.S. News & World Report removed the school from its rankings and altered the GW's entry to being unranked for the 2013.[116] The university was reinstated a year later in the 2014 rankings.[117][118][119]
Program rankings
The Princeton Review ranked GW first for "Top Colleges or Universities for Internship Opportunities."[120][121] GW is consistently ranked by The Princeton Review in the top "Most Politically Active" Schools.
The 2020U.S. News & World Report ranksGW Law School as fifth best in the U.S. for itsinternational law program, fifth best forintellectual law, second best for part-time law, and as the 22nd best law school in the United States.[125] TheNational Law Journal ranked GW Law 21st for law schools that sent the highest percentage of new graduates to NLJ 250 law firms, the largest and most prominent law practices in the U.S.[126]
George Washington is ranked 61st for the "Best Global Universities for Social Sciences and Public Health 2018" byU.S. News & World Report.[127]
TheGeorge Washington University Press was auniversity press affiliated with George Washington University. Established in 1934, the press's first publication was the workModern Hispanic America (edited by A. Curtis Wilgus).[134][135] The last major publication by the press was Elmer Louis Kayser'sA Medical Center (1973).[136]
The university is located in downtown Washington, D.C., near theKennedy Center, embassies, and other cultural events. Students are known as highly politically active;Uni in the USA stated that "politics at George Washington is about as progressive as it gets".[137]
GW has aDivision I athletics program that includes men's baseball, basketball, cross country, golf, gymnastics, women's lacrosse, women's rowing, soccer, women's softball, swimming, women's tennis, women's volleyball and men's water polo.[138] Revolutionaries athletics teams compete in theAtlantic 10 Conference. The Division II men's and women's Rugby Teams both compete in the Potomac Rugby Union.[139]
Most student organizations are run through theGeorge Washington University Student Government Association (SGA). The SGA is fashioned after the federal government with an executive, legislative, and judicial branch.[140] There are over 500 registered student organizations on campus. The largest student organization on campus, the GW College Democrats have hosted speakers such asCNN contributorDonna Brazile and formerDNC ChairmanHoward Dean among many others. Likewise, the GW College Republicans, the largest CR chapter in the nation, have been visited by politicians likeJohn Ashcroft former Florida GovernorJeb Bush and former PresidentGeorge W. Bush.[141] The International Affairs Society (IAS) runs the university's internationally top-ranked Model United Nations team, in addition to hosting yearly high school and middle school Model UN conferences on campus. This organization also hosts various foreign dignitaries, US Government officials, and subject matter experts to further inform and foster international understanding both in the university's student body and the greater D.C. community.
Old Main
There are also several a cappella performance groups on campus. The GW Sons Of Pitch are GW's only tenor/baritone/bass group and have released three EPs, in addition to placing as semifinalists in the 2025 ICCA competition. The university's school-sponsored a cappella group, the co-ed GW Troubadours, has been a presence on campus since the mid-1950s. A female group, the GW Pitches, was founded in 1996. The GW Sirens, another all-girls group, and the GW Motherfunkers, a coed top 40 group, were created in 2003 and 2012, respectively. Each year, the groups duke it out at the Battle of the A-Cappella groups, one of the biggest student events on GW's campus. The Sons of Pitch are the Reigning Champions. Additionally, the university is home to the Voice gospel choir, a group that focuses on soulful music.
Another student group, the Emergency Medical Response Group (EMeRG) provides an all-volunteer 24/7 ambulance service for the campus and the Foggy Bottom/West End community at no cost. EMeRG has been active on campus since 1994 and has advanced from bike response into a two-ambulance system that is sanctioned by the District of Columbia Department of Health and DC Fire and EMS (DCFEMS). EMeRG also plays an active role in special events in around the DC area including the Marine Corps Marathon, National Marathon, Cherry Blossom Race, commencement, inauguration, and other events in downtown D.C. and on the National Mall.[142]
Townhouse Row, home to many of the university's fraternities and sororities
GW has a large Greek community with over 3,000 students consisting of just under 27 percent of the undergraduate population.[143] Greek organizations are divided up between and governed by the Inter-Fraternity Council with 14 chapters, the Panhellenic Association with 11 chapters, the National Pan-Hellenic Council with seven chapters, and the Multicultural Greek Council with seven chapters as well.[143] Other Greek-life, known as "Alternative Greek Life" or simply "Alt-Greek", exists on campus in the form of professional, community-serviced based and honor groups although not under the university's traditional Greek life governing structure but instead are considered separate student organizations.
There are chapters of many varied academic groups at the university. The local chapter of the Society of Physics Students was at one time under the auspices of world-renowned scientists likeGeorge Gamow,Ralph Asher Alpher,Mario Schoenberg andEdward Teller, who have all taught at the university. TheEnosinian Society, founded in 1822, is one of the university's oldest student organizations. Invited speakers includedDaniel Webster.[144]
There are four major news sources on campus: the independent student-run newspaperThe GW Hatchet, which publishes articles online daily and a print edition weekly;The Rival GW, an online-only student-run publication;[145] the online-only radio station, WRGW; and the university's official news source,GW Today. GW also publishes a peer-reviewed journal,The International Affairs Review, which is run by graduate students at the Elliott School.
WRGW is the student-run radio station of George Washington University. It broadcasts live every day online throughout the school year between 8am and 2am. The studio is in the ground floor of the University Student Center, where it has been located since 1999.[146] While now only available on the internet, the online broadcasts are named for acarrier current radio station that first operated on campus in 1958.[147] That station was created as a result of efforts by GWU's Radio Club, which was founded in February 1929.[148]
George Washington University was ranked number 12 on TheSierra Club's magazine "Cool Schools List" for 2014[149] and was included in the Princeton Review's Guide to 322 Green Schools for 2013. The campus has a campus-wide building energy efficiency program along with nineLEED-certified buildings[150] including the Milken Institute School of Public Health building.[151][152] In 2016, university officials rejected demands by the student body for the university to divest fromfossil fuels.[153]
George Washington University has an activeNewman Center that supports the growing Catholic student community on campus.[154]
GW Hillel serves more than 3,000 Jewish students and is one of the largest campusHillel International organizations in the United States. In 2021, a multistory building was erected in the middle of GW's campus.[155]
GW athletics teams, collectively known as theRevolutionaries
George Washington University is a member of theAtlantic 10 Conference and most of its teams play at theNCAADivision I level. All indoor sports play at theCharles E. Smith Center, an indoor arena on theFoggy Bottom campus. Outdoor events are held at the Mount Vernon campus Athletic Complex. The university's colors arebuff andblue, with buff sometimes represented as gold or yellow. The colors were taken from the colors ofGeorge Washington's uniform during theRevolutionary War.
The official fight song is "Hail to the Buff and Blue", composed in 1924 by GW student Eugene F. Sweeney and rewritten in 1989 by Patrick M. Jones.[156] The song is tolled twice-daily by bells atop Corcoran Hall, at 12:15pm and 6:00pm.
The GW Spirit Program includes a co-ed Cheer Team, the First Ladies Dance team, and the university mascot.[158] The Revolutionaries mascot is named George, and is portrayed by a student wearing an outfit inspired by a uniform worn by General Washington.[159] In 2012, George took first place at the National Cheerleaders Association Mascot Competition and is the university's first national champion.[160][161] The spirit program also includes the GW Brass, directed by Professor Benno Fritz.[162]
^"International Services Office".International Services. George Washington University. 2017.Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. RetrievedApril 24, 2017.
^"Dr. Lara Brown".Graduate School of Political Management (GSPM) at the George Washington University.Archived from the original on November 18, 2018. RetrievedNovember 17, 2018.
^SeeDemographics of the United States for references. The 2020 Census percentages provided in the Race / Ethnicity section (first table) are used because they are mutually exclusive in the same way that the university measures the categories.